Wireless Energy Transfer
Section 7: Energy Efficiency www.leonardo-energy.org February 2007
Power Quality & Utilisation Guide
Induction Heating
Jean Callebaut, Laborelec
1 2 Introduction.................................................................................................... 2 Physical principles ....................................................................................... 2
2.1 2.2 2.3 Electromagnetic induction ................................................................................. 2 The Joule-effect .................................................................................................... 3 Penetration depth ................................................................................................. 3 General aspects .................................................................................................... 5 Power supply and generators ........................................................................... 5 Inductors................................................................................................................. 5 Power Transfer: simplified calculation ........................................................... 6 Electrical efficiency.............................................................................................. 7 Power factor........................................................................................................... 7 Characteristics of induction heating ............................................................... 7 Melting of metals by means of induction crucible furnaces ..................... 8 Brazing .................................................................................................................... 8 Inductive hardening of steel .............................................................................. 8
3
Induction Installations ................................................................................. 5
3.1 3.2 3.3
4
Power Quality & Utilisation Guide
Induction Heating
Jean Callebaut, Laborelec
1 2 Introduction.................................................................................................... 2 Physical principles ....................................................................................... 2
2.1 2.2 2.3 Electromagnetic induction ................................................................................. 2 The Joule-effect .................................................................................................... 3 Penetration depth ................................................................................................. 3 General aspects .................................................................................................... 5 Power supply and generators ........................................................................... 5 Inductors................................................................................................................. 5 Power Transfer: simplified calculation ........................................................... 6 Electrical efficiency.............................................................................................. 7 Power factor........................................................................................................... 7 Characteristics of induction heating ............................................................... 7 Melting of metals by means of induction crucible furnaces ..................... 8 Brazing .................................................................................................................... 8 Inductive hardening of steel .............................................................................. 8
3
Induction Installations ................................................................................. 5
3.1 3.2 3.3
4
References: V. Rudnev, D. Loveless, R. Cook, M. Black, Handbook of Induction Heating, Marcel Dekker, New York, 2003. P. A. Davidson, An Introduction to Magnetohydrodynamics, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2006. Proceedings of the 5 International Symposium on Electromagnetic Processing of Materials, The Iron and Steel Institute of Japan, 2006. A.C. Metaxas, Foundations of Electroheat. A Unified Approach, John Wiley & Sons, Chichester, 1996 th [2] [3] [4] © European Copper Institute & Laborelec