Unit Two

Unit Two: Text Questions
1. What is a pinhole camera? How do we know that these devices existed before the nineteenth century?
A pinhole camera is a camera with a pinhole aperture but no lens, we knew these inventions existed before the nineteenth century because a Greek philosopher (Aristotle) described a pinhole camera in about 330 BC when he questioned how the image of the sun in the box remained circular even when the hole in the box was square.
2. Who created the first photograph? How was this done?
A French inventor (Joseph Nicéphore Niépce) was the first person who created a photograph; he did this by using a pewter plate and a substance known as bitumen of Judea.
3. What is a calotype? What happens in this process?
A calotype is a process which used paper coated with silver iodine. This process involved sensitizing paper with a silver salt solution and exposing it to light. This created a negative image of the object or person, which could then be used to create contact prints where the light and shadows were reversed to show the image.
4. What was the Kodak Brownie?
The Kodak Brownie was a very popular camera in which any indivisual could use they didn’t have to be a professional photographer. It was the camera which introduced the snapshot.
5. What did Richard Maddox invent? Why was this important?

6. Where did the technology for digital images come from?
7. What are two different stock image licenses? How are they different?
8. What did George Eastman develop? Why was this important?
9. What do you think would have been the hardest part of using the cameras and photographic processes that existed before the twentieth century?
10. Which of the inventors associated with photography do you think had the largest impact on photography? Why?