Uand
UNIVERSITY OF PORT HARCOURT
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
A TERM PAPER
ON
POWER STATIONS IN NIGERIA
(GAS, STEAM AND WATER TURBINES)
BY
NAME: OGBONDA WINSTON K.
MAT. NO. U2009/3025259
COURSE TITLE: FLUID MECHANICS 3
COURSE CODE: MEG 302.2
COURSE LECTURER: MR. UDEH GODFREY
NOVEMBER, 2012
INTRODUCTION
The word turbine was coined in 1828 by Claude Burdin (1788-1873) to describe the subject of an 1826 engineering competition for a water power source. It comes from Latin turbo, turbinis, meaning a "whirling" or a "vortex," and by extension a child's top or a spindle. Defining a turbine as a rotating machine for deriving power from water is not quite exact. The precise definition is a machine in which steam or water moves relatively to the surfaces of the machine, as distinguished from machines in which such motion is secondary, as with a cylinder and piston. The common overshot water wheel is a rotating machine, but not a turbine, while an undershot wheel is an impulse turbine, but not generally considered as one. We shall discuss many types of water-driven prime movers in this article, but mainly turbines, for which we will explain the fundamental theory. A Turbine has three (3) main sections the Compressor sections, Combustor sections and Turbine sections. The gas turbine power plant has to work continuously for long period of time without output and performance decline. Apart from the main sections there are other important Auxiliaries systems which are required for operating a Gas Turbine Power Plant on a long term basis.
COMPRESSOR SECTIONS
In this section, air is taken into the compressor where in which the temperature pressure and density of the air is increased. At this section, the impurities and dust in the air deposits on the compressor blades. This reduces the efficiency and output of the plant. The Air Filter in the Air Intake system prevents this.
A blade
FACULTY OF ENGINEERING
DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
A TERM PAPER
ON
POWER STATIONS IN NIGERIA
(GAS, STEAM AND WATER TURBINES)
BY
NAME: OGBONDA WINSTON K.
MAT. NO. U2009/3025259
COURSE TITLE: FLUID MECHANICS 3
COURSE CODE: MEG 302.2
COURSE LECTURER: MR. UDEH GODFREY
NOVEMBER, 2012
INTRODUCTION
The word turbine was coined in 1828 by Claude Burdin (1788-1873) to describe the subject of an 1826 engineering competition for a water power source. It comes from Latin turbo, turbinis, meaning a "whirling" or a "vortex," and by extension a child's top or a spindle. Defining a turbine as a rotating machine for deriving power from water is not quite exact. The precise definition is a machine in which steam or water moves relatively to the surfaces of the machine, as distinguished from machines in which such motion is secondary, as with a cylinder and piston. The common overshot water wheel is a rotating machine, but not a turbine, while an undershot wheel is an impulse turbine, but not generally considered as one. We shall discuss many types of water-driven prime movers in this article, but mainly turbines, for which we will explain the fundamental theory. A Turbine has three (3) main sections the Compressor sections, Combustor sections and Turbine sections. The gas turbine power plant has to work continuously for long period of time without output and performance decline. Apart from the main sections there are other important Auxiliaries systems which are required for operating a Gas Turbine Power Plant on a long term basis.
COMPRESSOR SECTIONS
In this section, air is taken into the compressor where in which the temperature pressure and density of the air is increased. At this section, the impurities and dust in the air deposits on the compressor blades. This reduces the efficiency and output of the plant. The Air Filter in the Air Intake system prevents this.
A blade