To What Extent Can Online Learning Replace Traditional Classroom-Based Learning?

Education has undergone significant changes because of the development of information and communication technology over the 21st century (Lin & Jou, 2012:2). As a convenient and inexpensive way to gain knowledge while pursuing higher education, online learning, a form of training or teaching that takes place over the Internet, has been considered as an alternative to traditional classroom learning (Zhang et al, 2004). This essay will argue that even though online learning has benefit such as flexibility which could outweigh traditional learning, traditional classroom learning might still not be entirely replaced. This essay will discuss positive and negative aspects of online and traditional learning in terms of four criteria: flexibility and time management, freedom of speech and deeper learning, interaction and students’ perspectives. In conclusion, the author suggests a blended learning with both advantages of online learning and traditional learning are combined (Paechter & Maier, 2010:296).

The “anytime, anywhere” aspect of online learning is the most significant advantage over traditional classroom (Arbaugh, 2004:171, cited by Brandon & Hollingshead, 1999; Dede, 1991; Harasim, 1990). Learners can process material at any time from any place (Paechter & Maier, 2010:296, citied by Artino & Stephens, 2009; Narciss et al, 2007). For students who cannot afford to take away from their time-dependent jobs, online programs provide flexibility in time and pace of study so that they are able to work meanwhile maintaining the universities’ academic commitment (Sharpe & Benfield, 2005; Conrad & Donaldson, 2004; Kruger-Ross & Waters, 2013). Moreover, by accessing a learning management system such as Moodle, Blackboard, course website, students can achieve clarity about their course information like assignments, test dates to the full extent (Kruger-Ross & Waters, 2013:181). On the other hand, online learning could be time-consuming

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