Sustainable Development of Krakow (Poland)
The History of Sustainable Development
The basic principles of sustainable development for human settlements, townships and boroughs enjoy great popularity and they are likely to have been contrived and introduced for the 1st time by scientific community and public activists striving for better life of common people. They are disseminated all over the world due to the activities and measures taken by the United Nations. In the year of 1983 The World Commission on Environment and Development (that is the Commission of G.H. Bruntland), set up by the Nations, was the first to introduce the very concept of sustainable development, to download it for the whole of the mankind to commonly use it; the sustainable development concept was determined in the following way: the humanity is capable of making its development sustainable – that is to guarantee that such a development will meet the present needs without jeopardizing the abilities of the generations to come to meet their own requirements.[1]
The Principles of Sustainable Development
The sustainable development principles acquired its legal status of the fundamental concept embracing the whole of contemporary world in the year of 1992 at the United Nations Conference on environment and development in Rio de Janeiro, where there were the delegations representing the governments of 179 countries of the world, as well as the numerous international and non-governmental organizations. The global sustainable development problems were worded there; the programming strategic document entitled «Agenda - XXI» was adopted and approved at the Conference, with the document in question containing the recommendations to the authorities of all the countries of the world to elaborate their own long-term sustainable development programmes suitable for their terrains. According to the Rio de Janeiro Conference organizers, the purport and the challenge of such programmes are to be the socially-oriented
The basic principles of sustainable development for human settlements, townships and boroughs enjoy great popularity and they are likely to have been contrived and introduced for the 1st time by scientific community and public activists striving for better life of common people. They are disseminated all over the world due to the activities and measures taken by the United Nations. In the year of 1983 The World Commission on Environment and Development (that is the Commission of G.H. Bruntland), set up by the Nations, was the first to introduce the very concept of sustainable development, to download it for the whole of the mankind to commonly use it; the sustainable development concept was determined in the following way: the humanity is capable of making its development sustainable – that is to guarantee that such a development will meet the present needs without jeopardizing the abilities of the generations to come to meet their own requirements.[1]
The Principles of Sustainable Development
The sustainable development principles acquired its legal status of the fundamental concept embracing the whole of contemporary world in the year of 1992 at the United Nations Conference on environment and development in Rio de Janeiro, where there were the delegations representing the governments of 179 countries of the world, as well as the numerous international and non-governmental organizations. The global sustainable development problems were worded there; the programming strategic document entitled «Agenda - XXI» was adopted and approved at the Conference, with the document in question containing the recommendations to the authorities of all the countries of the world to elaborate their own long-term sustainable development programmes suitable for their terrains. According to the Rio de Janeiro Conference organizers, the purport and the challenge of such programmes are to be the socially-oriented
References: Bossell, H., 1999. Indicators of sustainable development. Winipeg: IISD. Forsyth, T., 1996. Sustainable Tourism: Moving From Theory to Practice. London: Tourism Concern. Ghai, D. 1994. Development and Environment: Sustaining People and Nature. Oxford: Blackwell. MacGillivray, A., Zadek, S., 1995. Accounting for change: indicators for sustainable development. London: New Economics Foundation. MacGillivray, A., 1995. Accounting for change: papers from an international seminar, Toynbee Hall, October 1994. London: New Economics Foundation. Holden, E., 2007. Achieving sustainable mobility: everyday and leisure-time travel in the EU. Aldershot: Ashgate. Williams, K., Burton, E., 1999. Achieving sustainable urban form. London: E. & F. N. Spon. MacDonald, M., 2002. Agendas for sustainability environment and development into the twenty-first century. London; New York: Routledge. Ruttan, Vernon W., 1994. Agriculture, environment, and health sustainable development in the 21st century. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. Elizabeth, L., Adams, C., 2005. Alternative construction: contemporary natural building methods. New York; Chichester: Wiley. Dale, A., 2001. At the edge sustainable development in the 21st century. Vancouver: UBC Press. Nieuwenhuis, P., Wells, P., 2003. The automotive industry and the environment: a technical, business and social future. Cambridge: Woodhead. Soubbotina, Tatyana P., 2004. Beyond economic growth an introduction to sustainable development. Washington, D.C.: World Bank. Harris, J. 2000. Basic Principles of sustainable development: global development and environment. London: Routledge. Bossel, H., 1999. Indicators of sustainable tourism. Winipeg: IISD. [4] The United Nations Conference on townships and boroughs in Istanbul in 1996 (Charter-2) [5] Bossel, H., 2001