Statistics
Lecture Notes on Introductory Statistics, I
(P.P. Leung)
Lecture notes are based on the following textbook:
N.A. Weiss (2012), Introductory Statistics, 9th edition, Pearson.
Chapter 1 The Nature of Statistics 統計本質 §1.1 Two kinds of Statistics §1.4 Other Sampling Designs (其他抽樣方法)
Chapter 1 The Nature of Statistics 統計本質
What is Statistics? 何謂統計?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia: Statistics is a mathematical science pertaining to the collection, analysis, interpretation or explanation, and presentation of data. It is applicable to a wide variety of academic disciplines, from the natural and social sciences to the humanities. Statistics is also used for making informed decisions in government and business. Statistical methods can be used to summarize or describe a collection of data; this is called descriptive statistics. In addition, patterns in the data may be modeled in a way that accounts for randomness and uncertainty in the observations, and then used to draw inferences about the process or population being studied; this is called inferential statistics. Both descriptive and inferential statistics comprise applied statistics. There is also a discipline called mathematical statistics, which is concerned with the theoretical basis of the subject.
From Our textbook: ← Facts or data of a numerical kind, assembled (組合), classified (分類) and tabulated (表列) so as to present significant information about a given subject ← The science of assembling, classifying, and tabulating such facts or data ← Collecting and analyzing data for the purpose for making generalizations and decisions
From 《統計學原理，南開大學出版》:
統計學是搜集、描述和分析數據，並根據所得數據資料進行推斷的一門科學和藝術。
Statistic (in wider and simpler sense):
1. Let data talk. 讓數據說話。
2. Quantify the uncertainties. 數量化不準確程度。
3. Making decision without enough information. 在條件不足下做决定。
§1.1 Two kinds of Statistics
Descriptive Statistics (描述統計) – consists of methods for organizing (整理)
(P.P. Leung)
Lecture notes are based on the following textbook:
N.A. Weiss (2012), Introductory Statistics, 9th edition, Pearson.
Chapter 1 The Nature of Statistics 統計本質 §1.1 Two kinds of Statistics §1.4 Other Sampling Designs (其他抽樣方法)
Chapter 1 The Nature of Statistics 統計本質
What is Statistics? 何謂統計?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopaedia: Statistics is a mathematical science pertaining to the collection, analysis, interpretation or explanation, and presentation of data. It is applicable to a wide variety of academic disciplines, from the natural and social sciences to the humanities. Statistics is also used for making informed decisions in government and business. Statistical methods can be used to summarize or describe a collection of data; this is called descriptive statistics. In addition, patterns in the data may be modeled in a way that accounts for randomness and uncertainty in the observations, and then used to draw inferences about the process or population being studied; this is called inferential statistics. Both descriptive and inferential statistics comprise applied statistics. There is also a discipline called mathematical statistics, which is concerned with the theoretical basis of the subject.
From Our textbook: ← Facts or data of a numerical kind, assembled (組合), classified (分類) and tabulated (表列) so as to present significant information about a given subject ← The science of assembling, classifying, and tabulating such facts or data ← Collecting and analyzing data for the purpose for making generalizations and decisions
From 《統計學原理，南開大學出版》:
統計學是搜集、描述和分析數據，並根據所得數據資料進行推斷的一門科學和藝術。
Statistic (in wider and simpler sense):
1. Let data talk. 讓數據說話。
2. Quantify the uncertainties. 數量化不準確程度。
3. Making decision without enough information. 在條件不足下做决定。
§1.1 Two kinds of Statistics
Descriptive Statistics (描述統計) – consists of methods for organizing (整理)