Smart METER
Contents
1. Introduction
Before understanding the concept of Smart Meter, we should know that how many types of meter available in market. In modern days, the types of electric meter continuously operate to measure the instantaneous voltage and current and calculating the product of these to give out the instantaneous electrical power. The electric power is then integrated against time to give energy used.
1.1 Types of electric meters
There are basically two kinds of electric meter categories, the electromechanical and solid state meters.
1.1.1 Electromechanical Meter
The most common electric meter type is the Thomson electric meter which falls under the electromechanical category. This was invented by Elihu Thomson in 1888. The working this electromechanical induction electric meter is very simple to understand. These kinds of electric meter are operated by counting the number of revolutions of an aluminum disc which keeps on rotating at a speed proportional to the power supplied. The number of revolutions is thus proportional to the energy usage. It consumes a small amount of power, typically around two watts.
Fig.1 Electromechanical Meter
1.1.2 Solid state meters
The types of electric meter in modern times has changed and now we have solid state electric meters which display the power used on an LCD screen whereas there are some latest electrical meters which can be made to read automatically. Apart from the amount of electricity used, the solid state electric meter type can also record other parameters of the load and supply such as maximum demand, power factor and reactive power used etc. some of the advanced kinds of electric meters also include electronic clock mechanisms to compute a value, rather than an amount of electricity consumed, with the pricing varying by the time of day, day of week, and seasonally.
Fig. 2 Solid-State Meter
1.2 Motivation for Smart Meter
The main
1. Introduction
Before understanding the concept of Smart Meter, we should know that how many types of meter available in market. In modern days, the types of electric meter continuously operate to measure the instantaneous voltage and current and calculating the product of these to give out the instantaneous electrical power. The electric power is then integrated against time to give energy used.
1.1 Types of electric meters
There are basically two kinds of electric meter categories, the electromechanical and solid state meters.
1.1.1 Electromechanical Meter
The most common electric meter type is the Thomson electric meter which falls under the electromechanical category. This was invented by Elihu Thomson in 1888. The working this electromechanical induction electric meter is very simple to understand. These kinds of electric meter are operated by counting the number of revolutions of an aluminum disc which keeps on rotating at a speed proportional to the power supplied. The number of revolutions is thus proportional to the energy usage. It consumes a small amount of power, typically around two watts.
Fig.1 Electromechanical Meter
1.1.2 Solid state meters
The types of electric meter in modern times has changed and now we have solid state electric meters which display the power used on an LCD screen whereas there are some latest electrical meters which can be made to read automatically. Apart from the amount of electricity used, the solid state electric meter type can also record other parameters of the load and supply such as maximum demand, power factor and reactive power used etc. some of the advanced kinds of electric meters also include electronic clock mechanisms to compute a value, rather than an amount of electricity consumed, with the pricing varying by the time of day, day of week, and seasonally.
Fig. 2 Solid-State Meter
1.2 Motivation for Smart Meter
The main
References: Gungor, V.c.; Bin Lu; Hancke, G.P.;, "Opportunities and Challenges of Wireless Sensor Networks in Smart Grid," Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on, vol.57, no.10, pp.3557-3564, Oct. 2010.