SHU harvard referencing style
Guide to Referencing and Citations
Sheffield Hallam University
Learning and Information Services
Accurate and consistent referencing is essential in all academic work. Whenever you refer to either the work or ideas of someone or are influenced by another's work, you must acknowledge this. Similarly if you use a direct quotation from someone's work this should be referred to accurately.
There are a number of systems of referencing. This guide offers detailed guidance based on a range of British and international standards for producing references and bibliographies according to the Harvard method. You may be asked to use another system, such as a numeric system or to use a different version of the Harvard method. If this is the case, please refer to your course handbook or tutors for guidance. This guide does not cover the use of footnotes as these are not used in the Harvard method.
You can search this document or use the contents list below
Contents:
What is referencing?
8
Why should you reference?
8
When should you reference?
8
What should you reference?
9
Plagiarism
9
How to reference using the Harvard method
9
Principles of citing
10
How to cite
Citing sources with one author
Citing sources with two or three authors
Citing sources with more than three authors
Citing edited sources
Citing corporate authors: organisations, companies and institutions
Citing more than one source by the same author(s)
Citing when you cannot identify the author(s) of a source
Citing when you cannot identify the year
Citing quotations
Citing images, diagrams, tables and figures
Citing reproduced images, diagrams, tables and figures
Citing images, diagrams, tables and figures that you have created
Citing artworks
Citing more than once from the same source
Where to put citations
Relating your citations to your work
Citing several sources together
Citing in appendices
Quoting
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Quotation marks and indenting
Sheffield Hallam University
Learning and Information Services
Accurate and consistent referencing is essential in all academic work. Whenever you refer to either the work or ideas of someone or are influenced by another's work, you must acknowledge this. Similarly if you use a direct quotation from someone's work this should be referred to accurately.
There are a number of systems of referencing. This guide offers detailed guidance based on a range of British and international standards for producing references and bibliographies according to the Harvard method. You may be asked to use another system, such as a numeric system or to use a different version of the Harvard method. If this is the case, please refer to your course handbook or tutors for guidance. This guide does not cover the use of footnotes as these are not used in the Harvard method.
You can search this document or use the contents list below
Contents:
What is referencing?
8
Why should you reference?
8
When should you reference?
8
What should you reference?
9
Plagiarism
9
How to reference using the Harvard method
9
Principles of citing
10
How to cite
Citing sources with one author
Citing sources with two or three authors
Citing sources with more than three authors
Citing edited sources
Citing corporate authors: organisations, companies and institutions
Citing more than one source by the same author(s)
Citing when you cannot identify the author(s) of a source
Citing when you cannot identify the year
Citing quotations
Citing images, diagrams, tables and figures
Citing reproduced images, diagrams, tables and figures
Citing images, diagrams, tables and figures that you have created
Citing artworks
Citing more than once from the same source
Where to put citations
Relating your citations to your work
Citing several sources together
Citing in appendices
Quoting
10
10
10
10
11
11
11
12
12
13
14
15
15
16
16
17
18
19
20
20
Quotation marks and indenting