Sex Workers
Prostitution can be viewed as a social construct; a synthesis of nineteenth century middle-class ideas about women, sexuality, work and class relations. Prostitutes have for centuries, in varying cultures been thought of as social deviants. The women working as prostitutes enter a world of meanings over which they are powerless: their role, sexuality, and identity are defined by men. They inhabit a place constructed out of men 's needs, demands, fantasies and desires.
"The philosophy seems to have been that the male population was entitled, without sanction, to seek the services of prostitutes, but insofar as the morality or health of the community might be compromised by such an activity, the target of the law was properly the purveyors and not the customers of the business "
The laws relating to prostitution in the Australian Capital Territory prior to 1992 were by no means satisfactory. These laws did not reflect the aims of a progressive community in terms of law enforcement, human rights and protection for those coerced into prostitution. The existing laws were harsh and not generally enforced reflecting outdated views and policies. One group particularly disadvantaged by the legislation were the sex workers. The laws punished sex workers, prohibiting brothel work but not dealing with street prostitution or escort agencies, while ignoring the involvement of their clients. Laws aimed at eradicating prostitution were obviously not concerned with prostitutes ' rights or working conditions. There were no minimum wages for workers, no occupational health and safety standards, and no sick leave or holiday pay, making the industry unstable and fostering the dependency of workers on their employers.
In considering the reform of prostitution law in the Australian Capital Territory, several crucial factors were taken into consideration. Firstly, there was a considerable demand for prostitution. The Prostitution in the ACT: Interim Report estimated that
"The philosophy seems to have been that the male population was entitled, without sanction, to seek the services of prostitutes, but insofar as the morality or health of the community might be compromised by such an activity, the target of the law was properly the purveyors and not the customers of the business "
The laws relating to prostitution in the Australian Capital Territory prior to 1992 were by no means satisfactory. These laws did not reflect the aims of a progressive community in terms of law enforcement, human rights and protection for those coerced into prostitution. The existing laws were harsh and not generally enforced reflecting outdated views and policies. One group particularly disadvantaged by the legislation were the sex workers. The laws punished sex workers, prohibiting brothel work but not dealing with street prostitution or escort agencies, while ignoring the involvement of their clients. Laws aimed at eradicating prostitution were obviously not concerned with prostitutes ' rights or working conditions. There were no minimum wages for workers, no occupational health and safety standards, and no sick leave or holiday pay, making the industry unstable and fostering the dependency of workers on their employers.
In considering the reform of prostitution law in the Australian Capital Territory, several crucial factors were taken into consideration. Firstly, there was a considerable demand for prostitution. The Prostitution in the ACT: Interim Report estimated that
References: Australian Capital Territory Occupational Health and Safety Act 1989 Collins (1999), The Prostitution Bill, Queensland Parliamentary Library. Moore, Maher, Nolan, Stefaniak and Wood (1991) Prostitution in the Australian Capital Territory: Interim Report, Legislative Assembly for the Australian Capital Territory. Perkins, Prestage, Sharp and Lovejoy (1994) Sex Work & Sex Workers in Australia, University of New South Wales Press LTD, Sydney Australian Capital Territory Prostitution Act 1992