Scientific management
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORY
INTRODUCTION 2
FOUR PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT 2
EXAMPLE OF ORGANIZATION THAT PRACTICE SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT 3
CONCLUSION 4
REFERENCES 5
Scientific Management Theory
Introduction
Before scientific management came along, work was performed by skilled workers who had learnt their jobs in lengthy apprenticeships. They made their own decisions on how they had to carry out their tasks.
Fredrick Taylor had noticed that many workers were performing below their capacity as they had no reason to work harder as they were paid based on the job position and the hours they worked.
Taylor had come up with his scientific management theory as he wanted to prove that the application of scientific management would greatly improve productivity.
Scientific management methods were carried out to perform work with maximum efficiency, and jobs were made simple so that workers could be trained to perform their part at work in the most efficient way. It converted major jobs into a series of simplified jobs that could be done by unskilled workers whom could be easily trained to “the work for which it was best suited” (Koontz H. & Weihrich H)
Four Principles of Scientific Management
Taylor 's four principles are as follows:
1. Replace working by "rule of thumb," by using the scientific method to study work and determine the most efficient way to perform specific tasks.
2. Allocate each worker to their jobs based on capability and motivation, and train them to work at maximum efficiency.
3. Management should monitor workers performance, and provide instructions and supervision to ensure that they 're using the most efficient working methods. 4. Ensure there is equal division of work between managers and workers so that the managers spend their time planning and training, allowing the workers to perform their tasks efficiently.
SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT THEORY
INTRODUCTION 2
FOUR PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT 2
EXAMPLE OF ORGANIZATION THAT PRACTICE SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT 3
CONCLUSION 4
REFERENCES 5
Scientific Management Theory
Introduction
Before scientific management came along, work was performed by skilled workers who had learnt their jobs in lengthy apprenticeships. They made their own decisions on how they had to carry out their tasks.
Fredrick Taylor had noticed that many workers were performing below their capacity as they had no reason to work harder as they were paid based on the job position and the hours they worked.
Taylor had come up with his scientific management theory as he wanted to prove that the application of scientific management would greatly improve productivity.
Scientific management methods were carried out to perform work with maximum efficiency, and jobs were made simple so that workers could be trained to perform their part at work in the most efficient way. It converted major jobs into a series of simplified jobs that could be done by unskilled workers whom could be easily trained to “the work for which it was best suited” (Koontz H. & Weihrich H)
Four Principles of Scientific Management
Taylor 's four principles are as follows:
1. Replace working by "rule of thumb," by using the scientific method to study work and determine the most efficient way to perform specific tasks.
2. Allocate each worker to their jobs based on capability and motivation, and train them to work at maximum efficiency.
3. Management should monitor workers performance, and provide instructions and supervision to ensure that they 're using the most efficient working methods. 4. Ensure there is equal division of work between managers and workers so that the managers spend their time planning and training, allowing the workers to perform their tasks efficiently.
References: 1) Koontz H. & Weihrich H. (1990). Essentials of management (5thed). New York: McGraw-Hill. 2) Miller, B. (2010). Frederick Winslow Taylor’s Principles of Scientific Management – Still Valid in Today’s Workplace? Retrieved from, http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/2913674/frederick_winslow_taylors_principles_pg3.html?cat=3. 3) Modern History Sourcebook: Frederick W. Taylor: The Principles of Scientific Management, 1911. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1911taylor.html 4) Priestley S. (2005). Scientific Management in 21st Century. Retrieved from, http://www.articlecity.com/articles/business_and_finance/article_4161.shtml 5) http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newTMM_Taylor.htm 6) http://www.netmba.com/mgmt/scientific/ 7) http://www.saylor.org/site/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Saylor.orgs-Scientific-Management-Theory-and-the-Ford-Motor-Company.pdf 8) http://lupa4eve.wordpress.com/2010/10/23/f-w-taylors-scientific-management-theory-in-modern-day-workplace/ 9) http://www.articlecity.com/articles/business_and_finance/article_4161.shtml 10) http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/aso/databank/entries/dt13as.html