Research Paper
V2O5-anchored Carbon Nanotubes for enhanced electrochemical energy storage
M. Sathiyaa, A. S. Prakasha,*, K. Rameshaa, J-M. Tarasconb and A. K. Shuklac
CSIR Central Electrochemical Research Institute-Chennai Unit, CSIR-Madras Complex, Taramani, Chennai-600 113, India. b Laboratoire de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides, CNRS UMR 6007, 33, rue Saint Leu - Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80039 Amiens, France c a
Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, India.
1. Supporting information S-1
Figure S-1, Structure of (a) crystalline V2O5 and (b) V2O5 xerogels. In crystalline V2O5, single layers of V2O5 are arranged in orderly manner whereas in V2O5 xerogel, bilayers of single V2O5 layers are arranged as stacks along the c-axis of monoclinic unit cell. Oxygen coordination of vanadium resembles a square pyramid
S1
in both structures. Oxygen atoms shown between the layers represent oxygen of water molecules.
2. Supporting information S-2
1.81 Å (062)-V2O5
3.4 Å CNT- (002)
(062)-V2O5
1.92 Å (-114) V2O5
Figure S-2, High resolution Transmission electron micrograph showing growth of (-114) plane of V2O5 parallel to (002) planes of CNT lattice. The (062) planes of V2O5 which are perpendicular to (-114) planes are also shown.
S2
3. Supporting information S-3
Figure S-3, Cyclic voltammogram of crystalline V2O5 (sigma Aldrich) at a scan rate of 0.1mV/ sec. Cyclic voltammogram of crystalline V2O5 reveal four reduction peaks at ~3.25, 3.05, 2.2 and 1.5V in the first cathodic sweep. These peaks are attributed to phase transition of α- V2O5 to ξ, δ, γ and ω phase which is in good agreement with previous reports1. Formation of ω phase is irreversible and ω phase is cycling reversibly from second cycle onwards.
S3
4. Supporting information S-4
Figure S-4. Plot showing linear relationship of logν vs log i for cathodic (discharge) and anodic (charge) sweeps of cyclic
M. Sathiyaa, A. S. Prakasha,*, K. Rameshaa, J-M. Tarasconb and A. K. Shuklac
CSIR Central Electrochemical Research Institute-Chennai Unit, CSIR-Madras Complex, Taramani, Chennai-600 113, India. b Laboratoire de Réactivité et Chimie des Solides, CNRS UMR 6007, 33, rue Saint Leu - Université de Picardie Jules Verne, 80039 Amiens, France c a
Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, India.
1. Supporting information S-1
Figure S-1, Structure of (a) crystalline V2O5 and (b) V2O5 xerogels. In crystalline V2O5, single layers of V2O5 are arranged in orderly manner whereas in V2O5 xerogel, bilayers of single V2O5 layers are arranged as stacks along the c-axis of monoclinic unit cell. Oxygen coordination of vanadium resembles a square pyramid
S1
in both structures. Oxygen atoms shown between the layers represent oxygen of water molecules.
2. Supporting information S-2
1.81 Å (062)-V2O5
3.4 Å CNT- (002)
(062)-V2O5
1.92 Å (-114) V2O5
Figure S-2, High resolution Transmission electron micrograph showing growth of (-114) plane of V2O5 parallel to (002) planes of CNT lattice. The (062) planes of V2O5 which are perpendicular to (-114) planes are also shown.
S2
3. Supporting information S-3
Figure S-3, Cyclic voltammogram of crystalline V2O5 (sigma Aldrich) at a scan rate of 0.1mV/ sec. Cyclic voltammogram of crystalline V2O5 reveal four reduction peaks at ~3.25, 3.05, 2.2 and 1.5V in the first cathodic sweep. These peaks are attributed to phase transition of α- V2O5 to ξ, δ, γ and ω phase which is in good agreement with previous reports1. Formation of ω phase is irreversible and ω phase is cycling reversibly from second cycle onwards.
S3
4. Supporting information S-4
Figure S-4. Plot showing linear relationship of logν vs log i for cathodic (discharge) and anodic (charge) sweeps of cyclic