Preview

Research Methodological Approaches

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1108 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Research Methodological Approaches
Research Methodological Approaches

Introduction
This essay have discussed about the main methodological approaches and the definition and explanation of the main philosophical terms, as well as mentioned about which philosophical approach will be use in the research project for next year.

Business Research
Ontology
‘A theory concerning the nature of social phenomena as entities that are to be admitted to a know ledge system’ (Saunders, 2007: 605).

The word ‘ontology’ seems to generate a lot of controversy. It has a long history in philosophy, in which it refers to the subject of existence. It is also often confused with epistemology, which is about knowledge and knowing.

Ontology is one of core areas of philosophical study, which research as the nature of being, reality and existence, it also discuss about the relationship between each categories of being.

‘An ontology is a specification of a conceptualization.’(Gruber, 1993: 199).

Objectivism
‘Objectivism is an ontological position that asserts that social phenomena and their meanings have an existence that is independent of social actors. It implies that social phenomena and the categories that we use in every day discourse have an existence that is independent or separate from actors’ (Bryman, 2007: 22).

Objectivism is a philosophical terminology that refers to an attitude of people to look at things, to think about things without particular point of person, means the properties of the thing itself without personal views. Further, objectivism also means the existence of natural and social properties of things (Saunders, 2007; Bryman, 2007).

Subjectivism
‘An ontological position that asserts, that entities are created from the perceptions and consequent actions of those social actors responsible for their creation’ (Saunders, 2007: 612).

According to Saunders (2007), subjectivism is the consciousness and spirit of people, it is opposed to objectivism. Subjectivism means that



Bibliography: T. R. Gruber. (1993). 'A translation approach to portable ontologies ', Knowledge Acquisition. Jameson, F. (2002), ‘A SINGULAR MODERNITY - ESSAY ON THE ONTOLOGY OF THE PRESENT’, Verso. Bryman, A. And Bell, E. (2007), ‘business research methods’, Oxford university press Inc., New York. Donald, R. & Pamela, S. (2001), ‘Business Research Methods’, Irwin/McGraw-Hill Inc., New York. Saunders, M. & Lewis, P. & Thornhill, A. (2007), ‘Research Methods for Business Students’, Pearson Education Limited, England. Hair, Jr. & Money, A. & Samouel, P. & Page, M. (2003), ‘Research Methods for Business’, Leyh Publishing, LLC. Collis, J. & Hussey, R. (2009), ‘Business Research-A Practical Guide for Undergraduate & Postgraduate Student’, Palgrave Macmillan, UK. Schwandt, T.A. (1994). ‘Constructivist, interpretive approaches to human inquiry’, In Denzin & Lincoln, 1994, pp. 118-137. .

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Better Essays

    Mr. Sun

    • 2889 Words
    • 12 Pages

    Saunders,M., Lewis,P., and Thornhill,A. (2009), Research Methods for Business Students. Fifth Edition. Essex: Prentice Hall.…

    • 2889 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    1. Objectivism is the belief that certain things, especially moral truths, exist independently of human knowledge or perception of them.…

    • 482 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Ayn Rand Research Paper

    • 1510 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Objectivism is composed of four main ideas. Reality often comes first in the process, for reality is part of the quest of life and how to successfully live it (About Ayn Rand). Ayn Rand believes facts are fact and they’re not avoidable. “Wishing won’t make it so.” quotes Rand. People cannot wish for things to magically change, they just have to face what’s in front of them. She explains, “The primacy of existence (of reality) is the axiom that existence exists, i.e., that the universe exists independent of consciousness (of any consciousness). To grasp the axiom that existence exists, means to grasp the fact that nature, i.e., the universe as a whole, cannot be created or annihilated, that it cannot come into or go out of existence. Whether its basic constituent elements are atoms, or subatomic particles, or some yet undiscovered forms of energy, it is not ruled by a consciousness or by will or by chance, but by the Law of Identity. Nature is the metaphysically given — i.e., the nature of nature is outside the power of any volition” (About Ayn…

    • 1510 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Epistemology

    • 233 Words
    • 1 Page

    Positivism: Can deal only with observable things and that phenomena in any form have to be studied in a scientific manner. It does not take in account of the individual’s interpretation of the situation.…

    • 233 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Best Essays

    Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, A. (2007) Research Methods for Business Students, 4th edition, Essex: Pearson Education.…

    • 2634 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Department of statistics, Ministry of Trade and Industry, Republic of Singapore: Statistics on Marriages and divorces, 2009…

    • 5576 Words
    • 160 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    are unthinkingly used to construct social reality. One of these fundamental antinomies is the opposition between objectivism and subjectivism or, in more current parlance, between structuralism and constructivism, which can be roughly characterized as follows. From the…

    • 7808 Words
    • 24 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Organisation Theory

    • 657 Words
    • 3 Pages

    |Ontology (Assumptions |Objectivism – belief in an objective, external |Postmodernism – belief that the world appears |Subjectivism – belief that we cannot know an |Objectivism – belief in an objective, external |…

    • 657 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    (In Bryman, Alan and Bell, Emma.Business research methods, (p. 3-30).Oxford ; New York : Oxford University Press, 2003.)…

    • 1888 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Best Essays

    Formal Research

    • 2441 Words
    • 10 Pages

    Sekaran, Uma & Bougie, Roger. (2010). Research Methods For Business (5th ed.), West Sussex, United Kingdom: Wiley…

    • 2441 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Best Essays

    Saunders, M., Lewis, P. and Thornhill, P. (2012). Research Method for Business Students. (6th edn). United Kingdom: Pearson Education Limited.…

    • 5100 Words
    • 21 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Bryman, A. and Bell, E., 2007. Business research methods. 2nd edn. Oxford: Oxford University Press.…

    • 7805 Words
    • 32 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    LIMIS

    • 3459 Words
    • 13 Pages

    Saunders, M. N., Lewis, P. & Thornhill, A. (2003). Research methods for business students. London: Prentice Hall.…

    • 3459 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    week4paper

    • 746 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Cooper, D. R., & Schindler, P. S. (2014). Business research methods (12th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database.…

    • 746 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Interpretivism is an approach emphasizing that people have consciousness involving personal beliefs, values and interpretations and these influence the way they act. They do not simply respond to forces outside them. (Browne, 2006) This concept tends to produce qualitative data and concerned with generating theories. (Collis and Hussey, 2003)…

    • 493 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays