Preview

Rapid Population Growth as a Problem of Humanresources Utilization in Nigeria

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
2759 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Rapid Population Growth as a Problem of Humanresources Utilization in Nigeria
RAPID POPULATION GROWTH IS ONE OF THE PROBLEMS OF HUMAN RESOURCE UTILIZATION IN NIGERIA. WHAT CAN BE DONE TO REDUCE THIS PROBLEM? A
MANPOWER ECONOMICS ASSIGNMENT

Akinrodoye Adunola

INTRODUCTION
Population can be defined as the number of people living in any defined area at any given time. Hence the population of Nigeria consists of all the people who live in the country at any given time (Dictionary of Economics, 1998; Ojo, 1997). Population however cannot be treated in isolation without a serious consideration for the characteristics (demographic distribution) of the population which is a pre-requisite for an effective and efficient manpower planning which will enhance human resource development and of course effective human resource utilization. The demographic distribution of any population include: age, sex, educational attainment urban-rural distribution e.t.c.

According to Todaro and Smith (2006), the world population was estimated to be about 6.1 billion and by the United Nation projections, it was placed at 9.2 billion by 2050 before reaching a maximum of 11billion by year 2200. It was asserted that over 90% of the projected population will be living in the developing world. These projections show a rapid population growth which call for a serious concern mainly in the developing nations.
Should the above projections be real, it will in no little way affect the following social-economics indices: levels of living, national and personal esteem and freedom of choice which are significant in realizing optimum manpower utilization and consequently economic development.

THEORETICAL FRAME WORK
There are two major theories on population. These theories include: the Malthus Thomas Robert theory and the Demographic Transition theory.
The Malthusaian theory postulated that population had a natural growth rate described by geometric progression whereas the natural resources necessary to support the population grew at a rate similar to



References: Anyanwu J.C., Oyewusi A., Oaikhenan H., and Dimowo F.A. (1997), The Structure of The Nigerian Economy (1960-1997), Joanee Educational Publishers Ltd, Onitsha, Anambra. Fajana, S. (2000), Functioning of the Nigerian Labour Market, Labofin and Company, Lagos. Ojo, F. (1997), Human Resource Management: Theory and Practice, Allied Emant Company, Lagos. Todaro, P.M. and Smith, S.C (2006), Economic Development, Pearson Education Limited, England.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    Today, there is both agreement and disagreement of Thomas Malthus’ essay on the principles of population. Malthus stated that population grows exponentially or at “geometric rate” and food production grows at arithmetic rate, or linearly. Geometric rate grows in a series of numbers (2,4,8,16,32…etc.), which shows that children will grow up and each have their own children, and those children will have their own children. Eventually the base numbers of children will be so high that the population will grow rapidly, out pacing food production. Food production grows arithmetically in a series of number (2,3,4,5,6…etc.)…

    • 375 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The population growth rate prediction is established by a few factors: birth and death rates. The formula for calculating the rate of natural increase is r = (b-d); r is population growth rate, b is birth rate, and d is death rate. Thus, population growth is directly related to: 1) current population - the number of people today has implications for future population, 2) birth rate - this number is usually reported in number of births per 1,000 people per year and combined with the death rate influences the growth of population, and 3) death rate - this number is usually reported in number of deaths per 1,000 people per year and combined with birth rate influences the growth of population (Wenner, 2009).…

    • 461 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    The Malthusian theory has been proven wrong in which that population growth will outpace the food production, eventually, famine and starvation become a limiting force for population growth. But, the population rate is not constant, there are other factors such as advances in technology, the use of genetically engineered crops, higher income, government policies, social patterns of family size, and environmental that affects population growth.…

    • 215 Words
    • 1 Page
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Overpopulation in Africa

    • 481 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Less than one hundred years ago the world’s population was just 2 billion people. Today, the world’s population has soared to over 7 billion people, and the population is projected to reach 8 billion people in just 8 years. According to National Geographic, the world’s fastest growing population is in Africa. Today Africa’s population is just over 1 billion people. The population will continue to grow because of the extremely high birthrate in sub-Saharan Africa. Women who reside here give birth to over 5 children in their lifetime. Because of this, the African population is expected to more than double in the next 40 years to over 2 billion people.…

    • 481 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    The absence of virtually any reliable current demographic data has not prevented national and international bodies from generating estimates and projections of population and population growth in Nigeria. The World Bank estimate of Nigeria's 1990 population was 119 million, with an estimated annual growth rate of 3.3 percent. Although other sources differed on the exact figure, virtually all sources agreed that the annual rate of population growth in the country had increased from the 1950s through most of the 1980s. The government estimated a 2 percent rate of population growth for most of the country between 1953 and 1962. For the period between 1965 and 1973, the World Bank estimated Nigeria's growth rate at 2.5 percent, increasing to 2.7 percent between 1973 and 1983. Projections about the population growth rate were uncertain, however, in view of questions concerning the accuracy of Nigerian census statistics.…

    • 1805 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Toyota Marketing Mix 4 P's

    • 16321 Words
    • 66 Pages

    The growth pattern of the Nigerian economy has been quite sluggish over the last two decades. This fact is however connected to the highly increasing level of poverty, which is further exacerbated by the pandemic problem of inequality.…

    • 16321 Words
    • 66 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Best Essays

    Population Issues in Malawi

    • 2692 Words
    • 11 Pages

    Thomas Robert Malthus was the first economist to propose a systematic theory of population. He articulated his views regarding population in his famous book, Essay on the Principle of Population (1798), In Essay on the Principle of Population Malthus proposes the principle that human populations grow exponentially (i.e., doubling with each cycle) while food production grows at an…

    • 2692 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Good Essays

    up in the air term paper

    • 773 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Malthus' theory was based on the assumption that the power of population to multiply is much greater…

    • 773 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Two of the many theories supporting the population growth being a boon/blessing are (optimistic theory):…

    • 369 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Nigeria is a country located in Western Africa with Niger at the north, Cameroon at the east, Benin at the west and with Gulf of Guinea at the south. The country’s total area is 923,768 square kilometres with the population of 155,215,573…

    • 2563 Words
    • 11 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Unemployment in Nigeria

    • 5026 Words
    • 21 Pages

    References: Ackley, G., 1978. Macroeconomics: Theory and Policy. Macmillan Publishing Co. Inc., New York. Adawo, M.A., 2008. Human capital formation and economic growth in Nigeria (1970-2004). Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Economics, University of Uyo, Uyo, Nigeria, Aganga, O., 2011. Why Federal Government must create jobs, expand economy. The Nation, October 26, pp: 6. Boateng, K., 2004. Youth and ICT skills in African labour market with particular reference to Ghana. Paper Presented at the 3rd Annual Conference of the African Youth Foundation, Frankfurt, Germany. Central Bank of Nigeria, 2002. Vol. 13, Retrieved from: http://www.cenbank.org/Supervision/bsdcirculars.a sp. Ekpo, A.H., 2011. Nigeria and the Paradox of Jobless Growth. BSJ August 1. Jonathan, G., 2011. Why federal government must create jobs, expand economy. The Nation, October 26, pp: 6. Katz, L.F., 1986. Efficiency-wage theories: A partial evaluation. NBER Macroecon. Ann., 1: 235-276. Mankiw, N.G., 1994. Macroeconomics. 2nd Edn., Worth Publishers, New York. Ndebbio, J.E.U., 2006. The structural economic dimensions of underdevelopment associated vicissitudes and imperatives: Agenda for positive change. 33rd Inaugural Lecture, University of Calabar, Calabar. Okebukola, P., 2006. The Nigerian university capacity, competence and constraints: Enhancing the efficiency of the Nigerian university system. National Conference of the Nigerian University Professional Administrators, LASU. Romer, D., 2001. Advanced Macroeconomics. McGraw Hill, New York. World Bank, 2005. World Development Indication. Washington. World Bank, 2007. World Bank Development Report. Washington. Yellen, J.L., 1984. Efficiency wage models of unemployment. Am. Econ. Rev., 74(2): 200-205.…

    • 5026 Words
    • 21 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Nigeria's economy is estimated to be worth about $262bn, making it one of the largest economies in Africa. The estimates and analysis of various indicators is discussed in the later sections. The country has fared better than many other countries during the global economic downturn, but systemic problems in infrastructure and the labor market mean that its position in the Economist Intelligence Unit's global rankings remains towards the bottom during the forecast period, at 75th out of 82 countries. Efforts to create a significantly more attractive business environment are likely to produce only modest results owing to the slow pace of more fundamental reforms.…

    • 5008 Words
    • 21 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    That Nigeria is going through a phase of rapid transition is beyond doubt. Variability in any case, is a constant feature of human societies. There was a time not too far in the past when the Nigerian economy was based on agriculture. Then for a few fleeting years, petroleum resources transformed the outward appearance of the economy. In recent years, oil wealth has proved to be so fickle and elusive a partner in development that frantic efforts have been, and are being, made to search for alternative sources of wealth. Looking at the vicissitudes in the life of a nation, as we have just done in the case of Nigeria, it is tempting then to suggest that the single determinant of a nation’s growth is the quantum of resources it possesses. To put it in another language, a nation waxes or wanes depending on its natural resource endowment. If this hypothesis is not totally false, it is also not exactly true. The experience of the last forty or so years has demonstrated that one factor that has proved decisive in Africa’s development effort is the caliber of the available human resource. It is this factor, rather than any other, that has pushed the continent farther on the path of dependence, recession and economic…

    • 6112 Words
    • 25 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Population growth is one of the biggest threats to the planet and to humanity. Nowadays people in the world have around 6,845,609,960. If we compare to the last 50 years ago the increasing of population growth is stayed on the top highest level that made all people around the world caring about. First I will show you about the cause, then I will list the consequence, finally I will tell you how we can find the solutions.…

    • 1050 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Nigerian Experience, In.: Human Resource Development in Africa. Selected Papers for 2002 Annual Conference, Nigerian Economic Society, Ibadan, pp 79-102…

    • 6625 Words
    • 27 Pages
    Powerful Essays