Properties of Substances
Properties of Substances- Gr.12 Chemistry Final Lab Report
Lab: Properties of Substances
M. Nguyen
SCH4U
April 27, 2012
Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to use a variety of tests to identity the type of bonds which are present in each solid. Various substances (paraffin wax, sucrose, sodium chloride, tin, and silicon dioxide) were experimented and identified with tests for hardness, solubility, conductivity, and the time for the solid to melt with a candle and Bunsen burner. The substances were identified according to their properties. Paraffin wax was identified as a non-polar covalent solid, sucrose is a polar covalent, sodium chloride was acknowledged as an ionic solid, tin is a metallic solid, sand is a network covalent, unknown#1 is a non-polar covalent solid, unknown#2 is an ionic solid, and unknown#3 is a polar covalent solid. These conclusions were made based on their physical and chemical properties.
Introduction
Solid substances are classified by the types of bonds that hold their individual elements together. Solids which are arranged into distinct shapes are called ‘crystalline solids’. Crystalline solids are further divided into five groups: atomic, molecular, network, ionic, and metallic. The type of bonding in a substance depends on the type of atoms it contains and the forces of attraction that exist between the atoms. Some of these properties are hardness, solubility, electrical conductivity, and melting point. Ionic solids are those that have forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions. Ionic bonds allow the substance to remain in a crystal lattice. Since they are in crystalline form, they are hard and have high melting points. They are also excellent conductors of electricity. Covalent solids exist as a soft solid (or liquid or as a gas) at room temperature. London dispersion forces as well as dipole-dipole attractions are present in the structure. They have low melting points and are poor conductors
Lab: Properties of Substances
M. Nguyen
SCH4U
April 27, 2012
Abstract The purpose of this experiment was to use a variety of tests to identity the type of bonds which are present in each solid. Various substances (paraffin wax, sucrose, sodium chloride, tin, and silicon dioxide) were experimented and identified with tests for hardness, solubility, conductivity, and the time for the solid to melt with a candle and Bunsen burner. The substances were identified according to their properties. Paraffin wax was identified as a non-polar covalent solid, sucrose is a polar covalent, sodium chloride was acknowledged as an ionic solid, tin is a metallic solid, sand is a network covalent, unknown#1 is a non-polar covalent solid, unknown#2 is an ionic solid, and unknown#3 is a polar covalent solid. These conclusions were made based on their physical and chemical properties.
Introduction
Solid substances are classified by the types of bonds that hold their individual elements together. Solids which are arranged into distinct shapes are called ‘crystalline solids’. Crystalline solids are further divided into five groups: atomic, molecular, network, ionic, and metallic. The type of bonding in a substance depends on the type of atoms it contains and the forces of attraction that exist between the atoms. Some of these properties are hardness, solubility, electrical conductivity, and melting point. Ionic solids are those that have forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions. Ionic bonds allow the substance to remain in a crystal lattice. Since they are in crystalline form, they are hard and have high melting points. They are also excellent conductors of electricity. Covalent solids exist as a soft solid (or liquid or as a gas) at room temperature. London dispersion forces as well as dipole-dipole attractions are present in the structure. They have low melting points and are poor conductors