Cost is defined as a reduction in the value of an asset for the purpose of securing benefit or gain. Cost is defined in a hotel and restaurant as the expense to a hotel or restaurant for goods or services when the goods are consumed or the services are rendered.…
The budget development is the initiation of the project that will measure all the tasks with cost and time. The process will be evaluated with decisions of the participants. The milestones reflected in the document will be also revised by the specialist of the cause and utilized for further interruptions.…
One of the most important factors to the success of a project is how well the project is estimated, as well as how overall costs are managed during the execution phase by the project manager. Project costs and estimates are vital to the success of any organization to remain competitive in the market. Cost estimating for organizations rely heavily on resources that can sometimes be difficult to obtain. Forecasting and utilizing historical return costs are just a couple of ways that organizations rely on estimating. Experienced planners are often a sought trade within the market; this paper will discuss some often used project cost estimating techniques.…
Accurate estimates are critical to effective project management because having accurate time and costs estimates helps ensure the project is a success. Project control is dependent on accuracy of estimates, time and cost, estimates are major inputs to project planning. Estimates are used to support good decisions to determine project duration and cost. Used to develop time phased budgets and estimating helps reduce error. Project managers can take steps to improve the accuracy of estimating projects by using techniques to scope, constrain and plan the projects conditions, this will help reduce risks, and increase the project’s success.…
As organization grow larger and develop, so do their structure and complexity; increasing the complexity of budgeting with it. Various departments are created to meet created requirements in operations. Integration of the separate divisions results in a sharing of resources, which then complicates overall budgeting within the organization. The resulting accepted practice to account for these costs and account for them accurately is to implement an accurate cost allocation of shared expenses. “The cost allocation is an essential part of the multipurpose planning process where cost-sharing will be required. It provides information needed to determine the magnitude and share of estimated project costs that are reimbursable. This information is essential to the tests of financial feasibility and plan acceptability. During subsequent planning and construction, it provides the information required for allocating actual expenditures and insures that cost accounts are maintained consistent with the plan formulation and allocation principles” (USACoE, 2009). With and accurate and detailed cost allocation process, funding can be tracked and analyzed throughout complex integrated processes involving numerous departments within an organization.…
a. What is the cost variance, schedule variance, cost performance index (CPI), and schedule performance index (SPI) for the project?…
There are a number of costing principles and business controls which require the company to examine its current costs with the budgeted costs. This ensures that there is good cost control since the company spends its financial resources in accordance with the budget (Mick and John, 2003). Costing methods which the company uses should be the ones which control the company expenditures. The company should use bidding system when purchasing its health care resources since this provides amore legal guideline of procurement procedures (Martin et al, 2010). During the procurement process there should be high level of transparency, integrity and due diligence so that the company manages its expenditures and costs efficiently.…
TOPIC 3 COST BASICS After completing this topic, you should be able to: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Why are costs important? What does ‘different costs for different purposes’ mean? Understand and apply various classifications of costs. Understand cost drivers and the role of cost driver analysis. Describe and apply the activity hierarchy of costs and cost drivers. Explain the relationships between cost estimation, cost behaviour and cost prediction. Understand and apply various methods for cost estimation. Understand some practical issues faced in estimating cost functions.…
• Cost Management: the processes that ensure the project does not deviate and/or exceed from its budget.…
The purpose of this paper is to give an overview of the budget process. It analyzes flexible budgets, discusses the relationship between fixed and variable cost, explores the differences between static and flexible budgets, and how budgets assist in the cost-volume-profitability analysis.…
Project management is the discipline of defining and achieving targets while optimizing the use of resources: time, money, people, materials, energy, space, etc., over the course of a project. The most important resources that project managers have to plan and manage on day-to-day basis are people, materials, equipment and working capital. Obviously, if these resources are available in abundance then the project could be accelerated to achieve shorter project duration. On the other hand, [Avoid using colloquial language, slang or jargon in formal writing (14)] if these resources are severely limited, then the result more than likely will be a delay in the project completion time. Depending on the type of resources, the costs of providing an abundance of such resources to accelerate project completion time can be very high. However, if resources are readily available and excess premiums are not incurred to use them on the project, then project cost should be low, as some project costs are resource related while others are likely to be time dependent.…
Cost. It includes the overall budget of the project which covers all the costs which includes resource planning, cost estimating, budgeting and control. As per the budget the…
2. Deferred compensation includes travel expenses paid one month after the travel has taken place. (F)…
The cost planning is one of important phases for project management. It will goes through whole project’s life cycle. It is foundation of project and it will tell the project are measured, reported and controlled in every process. Estimating is the process of forecasting or approximating the time and cost of completing project deliverables.…
For the final project of managing finance Wal-Mart Stores Inc is chosen as the discussion target. Being one of the grocery retail shop leaders in the world, Wal-Mart (WM) operates business with 10,000 retail units in 27 countries with about USD444 million of sales in 2012 (Wal-Mart homepage 2012). Driven by the corporate strategies, WM growth rapidly around the world. To support the growth, managerial effectiveness in the operations is very important. Since budget is the first step which put manager’s plan into operation, let’s take a close look at WM’s budgeting process.…