Preview

Premorbid Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia and Depression

Best Essays
Open Document
Open Document
3993 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Premorbid Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia and Depression
Premorbid Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia and Depression
Karen S. Rutledge
PSY 326 Research Methods
Instructor: Jessica Wayman
November 12, 2012

Premorbid Cognitive Deficits in Schizophrenia and Depression
Introduction
Depression is an illness that affects a person’s thoughts, mood, and even physical health. Depression is described as having feelings of overwhelming sadness, emptiness, and worthlessness. Depression can become severe enough that it begins to interfere with a person’s work, relationships, and even their willingness to live. The study that has been chosen for the topic of this paper is one that uses the clinical psychology research approach. According to the (ABPP) American Board of Professional Psychology (2012), Clinical Psychologists are professionals that provide services such as treatments, preventions and evaluations of people with behavioral disorders. This type of psychology also offers services as far as assessment and diagnosis (ABPP, 2012).
I have chosen this topic to try to better understand the reasons that some people become so overwhelmed by the illness of depression. I have had a sister die of a drug overdose, she was a heavy drug user both of prescription and illegal drugs, and also a severe alcoholic, I believe that a lot of this had to do with her being in a depressed state, that happened after the death of her husband, so with this being said. I would like to understand the differences in depression disorders how to identify them and the best way to treat them. There are several types of depression that can affect person’s life, the first step is to identify the symptoms, next what could have caused of the illness, then figure out the best treatment for that individual person, which may be with medication or therapy, or both.
The study I have chosen to critique is “Static and Dynamic Cognitive Deficits in Childhood Preceding Adult Schizophrenia: A 30-Year Study” the study was done by Reichenberg, Caspi,



References: American Board of Professional Psychology (2012). Retrieved October 12, 2012 from http://www.abpp.org/i4a/pages/index.cfm?pageid=3307 Arseneault, Louise; Cannon, Mary; Witton, John; & Murray, Robin (2004). Causal association between cannabis and psychosis: examination of the evidence Patterns. Retrieved November 11, 2012 from http://www.deepdyve.com/lp/sage/the- vulnerable-child-prescriptions-from-wisc-r-patterns-nDuUSUEAYV Bresnahan, M., Begg, M., Brown, A., Schaefer, C., Sohler, N., Insel, B., Vella, L., & Susser, E., (2007) Business Dictionary.com (2012). Cohort. Retrieved October 26, 2012 from http://www.businessdictionary.com/definition/cohort.html DMHDRU, (2012). Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit (DMHDRU) Leask, Stuart J. (2004). Environmental influences in schizophrenia: the known and the unknown. Retrieved November 9, 2012 from http://apt.rcpsych.org/content/10/5/323.full localhealth.com, (2011) http://www.localhealth.com/article/cognitive-impairment/causes medicalnewstoday.com (2010) Subtypes Of Schizophrenia Are There? Retrieved November 9, 2012 from http://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/192770.php Psychology Encyclopedia, (2012). Schizophrenia - Causes of schizophrenia, Types of schizophrenia, Treatment http://search.proquest.com/docview/220486965?accountid=32521 Rich, Jonathan (2011) Intelligence Testing Retrieved November 11, 2012 from http://www.psychologicaltesting.com/iqtest.htm Shaffer D, Fisher P, Lucas CP, Dulcan MK, Schwab-Stone ME. (2000). NIMH Diagnostic Interview Schedule for Children Version IV (NIMH DISC-IV): description, differences from previous versions, and reliability of some common diagnoses. Retrieved November 11, 2012 from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10638065 Strauss, Valerie (2012). Report looks at role of poverty, parents in student success. Retrieved October 27, 2012 from http://voices.washingtonpost.com/answer-sheet/reading/new-

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    One psychological explanation of SZ was put forward by Bateson et al (1956) who looked at childhood as a base for developing SZ, for example the interactions children have with their mothers. His explanation, the Double Bind theory, states that schizophrenia can occur due to conflicting messages given from parents to their children, for example when a parent expresses care but does so in a critical way. This means that the child will become confused as the message they are given is conflicting, as one message effectively invalidates the other. As a result, the child is left with self doubt and eventual withdrawal. Experiences such as these are said to cause schizophrenia as they prevent the development of an internally coherent construction of reality, in the end they are likely to experience schizophrenic type symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations, and in some cases, paranoia. This theory therefore suggests that the home environment and the relationships a child has with their parents through messages plays a role in the development of schizophrenia. This is because there is no clear template of a loving relationship; instead the child is always unsure if they have done something wrong due to the conflicting messages they are given.…

    • 1259 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Learning Guide 2013 Lbc202

    • 22167 Words
    • 89 Pages

    Horngren, C. T., Datar, S. M., Foster, G., Rajan, M. V., Ittner, C., Wynder, M., Macquire, W.…

    • 22167 Words
    • 89 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    One issue related to classification and diagnosis is reliability. Reliability refers to the consistency of a measuring instrument, such as DSM (the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) that is used when diagnosing schizophrenia. Reliability can be measured in terms of whether two independent assessors give similar scores (inter-rater reliability). High reliability is indicated by a high positive correlation.…

    • 703 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    While different approaches or theoretical orientations can be applied for different depressive disorders, there are several procedures that are important for us to consider when providing treatment for clients and depressive disorders, regardless of our different conceptualizations.…

    • 441 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    This article starts out talking about the true struggles of depression and the journey of finding the correct ways to deal with it. It begins by talking about how everybody keeps trying to find different ways to deal with depression. In Sarah Klegman’s article, she brings up the fact of how everybody…

    • 1379 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    Because schizophrenia is most commonly expressed in the late teens or twenties, and more prevalent in men than in women, researchers have examined how the rate of maturation of the brain might contribute to schizophrenia. Throughout youth, neurons in the human brain are pruned to get rid of unused neural pathways and strengthen pathways that are used more often. Genes that prolong the maturation period or change the rate of maturation could result in over-pruning, which would decrease neural connectivity (Brune 2003, Polimeni 2003). This could account for why schizophrenia is more prevalent in men than in women since men have a more delayed maturation period, allowing for a longer time for pruning. If this is the case, one would predict that hallucinations that occur earlier in the onset of schizophrenia would decrease in time as more pruning occurs. This theory is compatible with cases of chronic schizophrenia in which hallucinations do in fact decrease over…

    • 1119 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    lit review

    • 1178 Words
    • 5 Pages

    5. Giller, P. S., Hillebrand, H., Ulrike-G, B., Gessner, M. O., Hawkins, S., Inchausti, P., et al.…

    • 1178 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    The biological theory on Schizophrenia is a determinism theory which states that Schizophrenia is caused by our genetics and things that are involved in our bodies. The biological theory states that the cause of Schizophrenia is due to issues such as our genes, and dopamine levels, and therefore it can be cured by looking at these issues.…

    • 755 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Fraser, J., Skouteris, H., McCabe, M., Ricciardelli, L. A., Milgrom, J., & Baur, L. A.…

    • 1016 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    Annotated Bibliography

    • 1355 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Ruhl J, Tatalovich Z, Cho H, Mariotto A, Lewis DR, Chen HS, Feuer EJ, Cronin KA…

    • 1355 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Depression affects almost fifteen million individuals in a given year. Depression often results in emotional and physical destruction of oneself which leads to thoughts of suicide and heart attacks for many individuals. Depression is a mood disorder that causes a persistent feeling of despondency and despair for months or even years. A disorder such as depression causes millions to feel unworthy and question their life and purpose in the world. Many ask themselves questions such as, what is the point of even trying if I’m going to fail? The loss of interest in daily activities and the emotional pain of being in a state of gloom for months can be extremely detrimental to ones well-being, physically and mentally. Environmental and sociocultural…

    • 814 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Final Paper

    • 1220 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Maciosek V., Michael, Coffield B., Ashley, Flottemesch J., Thomas, Edwards M., Nichol, and Solberg, Leif I…

    • 1220 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    This paper will examine the causes of depression, trouble with diagnosis of depression, and the treatment process. Depression can be simple to diagnose, however, this paper will discuss the fact that many people will have more than one disorder that needs to be evaluated and therefore the symptoms of depression may be masked by others. Once all problems are evaluated a thorough treatment plan can be created. Some of the treatment options are pharmacological, therapeutic, and many times spiritual. These different approaches, when integrated together, can allow a person to change their thought process, their behavior and give them freedom from their pain and stress.…

    • 4069 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Schizophrenia, it’s a term many people associate with crazy, psychotic, and bizarre behaviors. This disorder has many signs and symptoms and the cause has yet to be discovered. Various studies have been conducted, but one singular cause of the disorder has not been discovered. Understanding this serious and baffling psychological disorder is an important and informative key for understanding the human psyche.…

    • 1573 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Best Essays

    Prosopagnosia Essay

    • 2463 Words
    • 10 Pages

    Schwarzer, G., Huber, S., Grüter, M., Grüter, T., Groß, C., Hipfel, M., & Kennerknecht, I.…

    • 2463 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Best Essays