Preeclampsia Case Study
Pregnancy Induced Hypertension
(PIH)
What is high blood pressure?
Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against blood vessel walls. The heart pumps blood into the arteries (blood vessels) that carry the blood throughout the body. High blood pressure, also called hypertension, means that the pressure in the arteries is above the normal range.
What is pregnancy-induced hypertension?
Pregnancy-induced hypertension—which may also be called pre-eclampsia, toxemia, or toxemia of pregnancy—is a pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure, swelling due to fluid retention, and protein in the urine.
Gestational hypertension replaces the PIH and is used for hypertensive disorders that are specifically associated with pregnancy, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. It has long been one of the major problems for mothers in pregnancy, along with infection and postpartum hemorrhage.
There exist several hypertensive states of pregnancy: • Gestational hypertension = usually defined as a BP over 140/90 without the presence of protein in the urine. • Preeclampsia = gestational hypertension (BP > 140/90), and proteinuria (>300 mg of protein in a 24-hour urine sample). Severe preeclampsia involves a BP over 160/110 (with additional signs) • Eclampsia = seizures in a preeclamptic patient • HELLP syndrome = Hemolytic anemia, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count • Acute fatty liver of pregnancy is sometimes included in the preeclamptic spectrum. • Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are sometimes treated as components of a common syndrome.
INCIDENCE:
- Preeclampsia affects 5-8% of all pregnancies but 10-20% of mothers will have a hypertensive disorder during pregnancy.
- Occur in 5-7 % of all pregnancies.
- Seen more often to primigravidas, teenagers of low socioeconomic class.
- May be related to decrease production of bsome vasodilating prostaglandins, vasospasm occurs.
- Onset after 20th week of pregnancy may appear in
(PIH)
What is high blood pressure?
Blood pressure is the force of blood pushing against blood vessel walls. The heart pumps blood into the arteries (blood vessels) that carry the blood throughout the body. High blood pressure, also called hypertension, means that the pressure in the arteries is above the normal range.
What is pregnancy-induced hypertension?
Pregnancy-induced hypertension—which may also be called pre-eclampsia, toxemia, or toxemia of pregnancy—is a pregnancy complication characterized by high blood pressure, swelling due to fluid retention, and protein in the urine.
Gestational hypertension replaces the PIH and is used for hypertensive disorders that are specifically associated with pregnancy, pre-eclampsia and eclampsia. It has long been one of the major problems for mothers in pregnancy, along with infection and postpartum hemorrhage.
There exist several hypertensive states of pregnancy: • Gestational hypertension = usually defined as a BP over 140/90 without the presence of protein in the urine. • Preeclampsia = gestational hypertension (BP > 140/90), and proteinuria (>300 mg of protein in a 24-hour urine sample). Severe preeclampsia involves a BP over 160/110 (with additional signs) • Eclampsia = seizures in a preeclamptic patient • HELLP syndrome = Hemolytic anemia, elevated liver enzymes and low platelet count • Acute fatty liver of pregnancy is sometimes included in the preeclamptic spectrum. • Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are sometimes treated as components of a common syndrome.
INCIDENCE:
- Preeclampsia affects 5-8% of all pregnancies but 10-20% of mothers will have a hypertensive disorder during pregnancy.
- Occur in 5-7 % of all pregnancies.
- Seen more often to primigravidas, teenagers of low socioeconomic class.
- May be related to decrease production of bsome vasodilating prostaglandins, vasospasm occurs.
- Onset after 20th week of pregnancy may appear in