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Por Qué Se Hundió El Titanic

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Por Qué Se Hundió El Titanic
¿Por qué se hundió el Titanic?

Introducción

El Titanic era el barco más grande jamás construido. Estaba cerca de 900 pies de largo, con 25 pisos de altura, y pesaba 46.000 toneladas, este era considerado un barco insumergible. El 14 de abril de 1912, el RMS Titanic colisionó con un iceberg y se hundió en menos de tres horas. Más de 2200 pasajeros y la tripulación estaban a bordo del Titanic con rumbo a los Estados Unidos. Sólo sobrevivieron 705. De acuerdo con los constructores del Titanic, incluso en el peor accidente posible en el mar, el buque debería haber permanecido a flote durante dos o tres días. Se dañaron casi 300 metros del casco del buque, y la colisión permitió que el agua inundara a seis de sus dieciséis compartimentos importantes.

Contenido del trabajo
Para poder comprender el por qué el Titanic se hundió se deben tomar en cuenta dos fallas importantes: de material y del diseño. A continuación se analizan cada una.
Fallas de material
Una prueba realizada sobre una plancha de metal que perteneció al casco de la nave, demuestra que el acero que se usó en la construcción era frágil como el cristal, con demasiada proporción de azufre. Cuando el Titanic chocó con el iceberg, el casco de acero y remaches de hierro forjado, fallaron debido a la rotura frágil. En este tipo de falla catastrófica en los materiales estructurales, se produce la rotura frágil sin deformación plástica, a velocidades extremadamente altas. Las causas de la fractura por fragilidad son de baja temperatura, carga de alto impacto y alto contenido de azufre. En la noche del desastre del Titanic, cada uno de estos tres factores estuvo presente: la temperatura del agua era bajo cero, el Titanic viajaba a gran velocidad cuando impactó con el iceberg, y el acero del casco contenía altos niveles de azufre.
El primer indicio de que la rotura frágil del casco de acero contribuyó al desastre del Titanic, se produjo después de la recuperación de una parte del acero del casco

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