Population Control and Consequences in China
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Population Control and Consequences in China
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Outline 1. Problems associated with overpopulation 2. Population policy o China 's population control policy o Other population control methods 3. Problems associated with population policies 4. Social and political consequences 5. Social and economic benefits 6. Future outcomes
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Problems associated with overpopulation. China has the highest population in the
world, encompassing 1.2 billion or twenty one percent of the world 's population (P.R.B.
7). China faces serious social and economic problems associated with overpopulation in
the years to come. Overly populated regions lead to degradation of land and resources,
pollution, and detrimental living conditions. The Chinese government has tried to find a
solution to the problem of increasing population with moderate success.
China 's population control policy. The Chinese government has used several methods
to control population growth. In 1979, China started the "one child per family policy"
(Juali Li 563). This policy stated that citizens must obtain a birth certificate before the
birth of their children. The citizens would be offered special benefits if they agreed to
have only one child. Citizens who did have more than one child would either be taxed an
amount up to fifty percent of their income, or punished by loss of employment or other
benefits (Hilali 10). Furthermore, unplanned pregnancies or pregnancies without the
proper authorization would need to be terminated (Hilali 9). In 1980, the birth-quota
system was established to monitor population growth(Jiali Li 563). Under this system, the
government set target goals for each region. Local officials were mainly held responsible
for making sure that population growth totals did not exceed target goals. If target goals
were not met, the local officials were punished by law or by loss of privileges.
Population Control and Consequences in China
[pic]
Outline 1. Problems associated with overpopulation 2. Population policy o China 's population control policy o Other population control methods 3. Problems associated with population policies 4. Social and political consequences 5. Social and economic benefits 6. Future outcomes
[pic]
Problems associated with overpopulation. China has the highest population in the
world, encompassing 1.2 billion or twenty one percent of the world 's population (P.R.B.
7). China faces serious social and economic problems associated with overpopulation in
the years to come. Overly populated regions lead to degradation of land and resources,
pollution, and detrimental living conditions. The Chinese government has tried to find a
solution to the problem of increasing population with moderate success.
China 's population control policy. The Chinese government has used several methods
to control population growth. In 1979, China started the "one child per family policy"
(Juali Li 563). This policy stated that citizens must obtain a birth certificate before the
birth of their children. The citizens would be offered special benefits if they agreed to
have only one child. Citizens who did have more than one child would either be taxed an
amount up to fifty percent of their income, or punished by loss of employment or other
benefits (Hilali 10). Furthermore, unplanned pregnancies or pregnancies without the
proper authorization would need to be terminated (Hilali 9). In 1980, the birth-quota
system was established to monitor population growth(Jiali Li 563). Under this system, the
government set target goals for each region. Local officials were mainly held responsible
for making sure that population growth totals did not exceed target goals. If target goals
were not met, the local officials were punished by law or by loss of privileges.
Bibliography: Hilali, A.Z. "Chinaís Population Growth: Policy and Prospects." China Report 33.1 (1997): 1-34. Jiali Li. "Chinaís One-Child Policy: How and How Well Has It Worked?" Population and Development Review 21.3 (1995): 563-585. Population Reference Bureau. World Population Data Sheet. Washington D.C.: Population Reference Bureau, 1999. State Family Planning Commission of China. www.sfpc.gov.cn. Zeng Yi. "Is Fertility in China in 1991-92 Far Below Replacement Level?" Population Studies 50.1 (1996): 27-34. [pic]