Preview

Polymer Degradation

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
8103 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Polymer Degradation
Accepted Manuscript
Title: Kinetic studies of the Decomposition of Flame Retardant Containing High Impact Polystyrene Authors: Guido Grause, Jun Ishibashi, Tomohito Kameda, Thallada Bhaskar, Toshiaki Yoshioka PII: DOI: Reference: To appear in: S0141-3910(10)00062-5 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.02.008 PDST 5967 Polymer Degradation and Stability

Received Date: 17 December 2009 Revised Date: 2 February 2010 Accepted Date: 7 February 2010

Please cite this article as: Grause G, Ishibashi J, Kameda T, Bhaskar T, Yoshioka T. Kinetic studies of the Decomposition of Flame Retardant Containing High Impact Polystyrene, Polymer Degradation and Stability (2010), doi: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2010.02.008 This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.

ACCEPTED MANUSCRIPT

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28

Kinetic studies of the Decomposition of Flame Retardant Containing High Impact Polystyrene
Guido Grausea, Jun Ishibashia, Tomohito Kamedaa, Thallada Bhaskarb, Toshiaki Yoshiokaa* a The thermal decomposition of flame retardant free high-impact polystyrene (HIPS) and four HIPS samples containing brominated flame retardants has been studied using TGA at different heating rates between 2.5 and 10 K min-1. Decabromodiphenyl ether (DPE) and decabromodibenzyl (DDB) were used as flame retardants, and two of the samples contained antimony trioxide (Sb2O3) synergist besides the brominated additives. The activation energies

compensation effect was observed and used for the identification of changes in the



References: 1. Gächter R, Müller H, editor. Plastics Additives Handbook. Munich: Hanser Publishers, 1990.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    Before You Begin: You may either copy and paste this document into a word processing program of your choice or print this page.…

    • 348 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    References: Berger B., Brammer, A.J., Charsley, E. L., Rooney, J.J., and Warrington, S.B., (1997). Thermal analysis studies on the boron-potassium perchlorate nitrocellulose pyrotechnic system. Journal of Thermal Analysis Vol. 49, 1327-1335.…

    • 1061 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Dupont

    • 4448 Words
    • 18 Pages

    Ruston, LA (1994). 4. J. E. Doyle, "Dynamic Mechanical Analysis for Everyone," PMA Meeting technical paper, Milwaukee, WI (1994) 5. M. M. Gauthier, Engineered Materials Handbook® Desk Edition, p. 167-169, ASM International, Materials Park, OH, (1995). 6. J. F. Lappin, P. J. Martin, "Sheet Temperature Measurement In Thermoforming," Plastics Engineering, Vol. 52 No. 7, p. 21-23, Society of Plastics Engineers, Brookfield, CT. (1996). 7. J. L. Throne, Thermoforming, Carl Hanser Verlag, Munich (1987). 8. J. D. Ferry, Viscoelastic Properties of Polymers, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, NY (1980). 9. V. Shah, Handbook of Plastics Testing and Technology, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, NY (1984). 10. H. S. Kaufman J. J. Falcetta ed. Introduction to Polymer Science and Technology: An SPE Textbook, John Wiley & Sons Inc., New York, NY (1977). Because DuPont cannot anticipate or control the many different conditions under which this information and/or product may be used, it does not guarantee the applicability or the accuracy of this information or the suitability of its products in any given situation. Users of DuPont products should make their own tests to determine the suitability of each such product for their particular purposes. The data listed herein falls within the normal range of product properties but they should not be used to establish specification limits or used alone as the basis of design. Disclosure of this information is not a license to operate or a recommendation to infringe a patent of DuPont or others.…

    • 4448 Words
    • 18 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Chemistry of Hairspray

    • 1130 Words
    • 5 Pages

    The solvent used was once a compound of carbon, fluorine, and chlorine (a chlorofluorocarbon, or CFC). CFCs are nontoxic, nonflammable, and make almost ideal aerosol propellants. But when it was learned that…

    • 1130 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The purpose of this experiment is to see if we can recycle polystyrene using acetone. If this is possible, this can be used to help improve our environment since polystyrene itself is not biodegradable.…

    • 1217 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    • PET emerged as the leading application market for ethylene glycols and accounted for 44.2% of total market volume in 2013. Growth of beverages industry mainly in Asia Pacific and Latin America is expected to drive this market over the next six years. Polyester fibers are…

    • 629 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Polymers in Everyday Life

    • 1120 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Polymers are all around us, but let’s make this thought of polymers more real to us, and imagine the typical day of a hypothetical teenage girl. She wakes up, and is so comfortable in her nice warm bed with the sheets all around her. Chances are that those sheets she has on her consist of tons of polymers. Then she finally gets up and out of bed, and…

    • 1120 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Polystyrene and Styrofoam

    • 462 Words
    • 2 Pages

    This is why styrofoam or extended polysyterene foam is harmful to the environment. It does not DECAY easily and it can take years to disintegrate. If we used one styrofoam cup this day, it would last longer in Earth than we do.…

    • 462 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    A synthetic carboxylate soap (Struktol LB 219) has been shown to be a suitable replacement of TMTD, but zinc oxide is still needed. Variants of LA-TZ with ultra-low ammonia content (0.05-0.1%) in the presence potassium hydroxide (0.10%) have also been developed e.g. ULA-ZN and KLA-ZN. However, LA-LB219, ULA-ZN and KLA-ZN. Other alternative systems such as Dowicil 150 (water soluble, zinc oxide free), LA-PRBL (water-soluble, zinc oxide free and LA-BZ (BZ-dibenyldithiocarbamate) had been investigated in the past, but these were not readily acceptable for commercial production so far. Systems based on Dowicil 150, LA-TZ and LA-BZ were found to be unsuitable for block rubber production due to the adverse effects on CV (constant viscosity) properties, PRI (Plasticity Retention Index) and colour.…

    • 372 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    No one will argue that polythene is useful. The plastic bags we use to carry home food or products are for the most part very light and very strong. Using these bags is not really the problem. The problem, leading to polythene pollution, is the improper methods of disposing of the bags. They've been marketed as throw-away items, and that is all too often what we do, except they don’t always end up in the garbage.…

    • 692 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    La température de transition vitreuse (Tg) est probablement la propriété thermique la plus importante des polymères. Elle permet de déterminer la plage de température d'utilisation d'un polymère. On constate en effet, une diminution importante du module d'élasticité aux environ de la Tg. La Tg est influencé par plusieurs facteurs. Une faible masse moléculaire, des chaînes de polymères plus rigide, la présence de gros groupement latéraux ou de groupement latéraux fortement polaire sont tous des facteurs provoquant une augmentation de la Tg. La présence d'une légère ramification diminue la Tg alors qu'une ramification très dense l'augmente. Un degré élevé de cristallinité a aussi pour effet d'augmenter la Tg (plus la cristallinité augmente, plus la Tg augmente). Finalement, la présence de plastifiant peut également faire grandement varier la Tg. Il existe plusieurs méthode pour mesurer la Tg. Parmi celles-ci, on retrouve la méthode DSC et la méthode DMA.…

    • 7893 Words
    • 32 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Polystyrene is hard and brittle and has a density of 1.050 g/cm3. It is represented by the chemical formula, C8H8. It have very low impact strengths of less than 0.5ft-lb. commercially available impact polystyrene grades can be obtained with values of 1.0 - 4.0 ft-lb. Generally, polystyrenes are not produced with greater than 15% total rubber because of polymerization processing constraints. Nevertheless, impact properties can be increased substantially without additional rubber by the proper control of rubber particle size, percentage of grafting, cross-linking, and percentage of gel. Flexural strengths for polystyrenes can be obtained from 5000 to 18000psi and are also decreased by the addition of rubber and other additives to the polystyrene. Elongations can be obtained from 1% for crystal polystyrene to 100% for some impact polystyrene grades.…

    • 1794 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Electronic and electric waste (e-waste) has emerged as a critical global environmental health issue because of its massive production volume and insufficient management policy in both developed and developing countries (Ogunseitan et al., 2009; Chen et al., 2011). The disposal, recycling, and part-salvaging of e-waste has polluted the soil, water and air with toxic chemicals, such as heavy metals and persistent organic compounds ( Leung et al., 2006; Wong et al., 2007; Ladou and Lovegrove, 2008; Robinson, 2009). Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), which have been widely used as plasticizers, hydraulic and heat exchange fluids, coolants and lubricants in transformers and capacitors, may also be present in the e-waste stream. Due to its high capacity to store pollutants, soil appears to be the major sink for PCBs in various environments (Dalla Valle et al., 2005). Soil samples collected from several villages in Taizhou e-waste recycling area contained high levels of PCBs (52.0 - 5789.5 μg/kg) (Tang et al., 2010a). PCBs were also detected in soil samples from the open-burning site in the Guiyu e-waste recycling area, with total concentrations ranging from 73.8 to 1443 μg/kg (Wong et al., 2007).…

    • 526 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    The super plasticizers market is segmented into five types: Sulfonated naphthalene formaldehydes (SNF), sulfonated melamine formaldehydes (SMF), modified lignosulfonates (MLS), polycarboxylic acids (PC), and others. Each type of super plasticizer has its own properties and applications. These individual super plasticizers have application specific demands that are differentiated by placement, cost, and efficiency. Naphthalene super plasticizers are useful in ready-mix concrete applications to construct buildings, bridges, etc. Polycarboxylic acids are the latest and are expensive super plasticizer especially used in high-end constructions such as airports, government infrastructure, etc. The use of these super plasticizers increases the efficiency of their applications.…

    • 306 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Significance of the study

    • 3265 Words
    • 15 Pages

    This study uses the experimental method. The making of the fire retardant cloth is done by experiments. A solution was made and trial was tested by putting the different types of cloth like cotton, linen, and satin in a solution in order to achieve the desired output.…

    • 3265 Words
    • 15 Pages
    Good Essays