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The process of photosynthesis occurs when six carbon dioxide molecules (CO2), six water molecules (H2O), and light energy are added together and result in glucose (C6H12O6) and six oxygen (O2) molecules. There are two stages to this process; light reactions and dark reactions. Light reactions start with chloroplast which absorbs the light. Inside the chloroplast are thylakoids that contain pigments which absorb certain wavelengths of light. Each cluster of pigments is called a photosystem. Photosystem I and II obtain some of the light’s energy. Light first enters chlorophyll A in photosystem II and the electrons inside become excited enough to leave it. Some of the electrons, which just left, enter a chain of reactions called the electron transport chain and it produces ATP. The electrons that couldn’t fit into the ETC move onto photosystem I. Those electrons then get excited by light energy and enter the ETC where they add a hydrogen atom to NADP to form NADPH.…
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Photosynthesis can be summarized into an equation: 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O2…
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Photosynthesis is a process to which some autotrophs such as plants produce their own food. It has two stages or reactions light-dependent and light-dependent reactions. The light dependent reactions are the first stage, where energy from sunlight is captures in Photosystem 2 and then 1, the electrons generated in Photosystem 1 then moves along the electron transport chain. The moving of electrons causes a hydrogen ion gradient that is used in the final step to produce ATP, by the ATP Synthase. The equation for this reaction is 6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6+6O2 or, carbon dioxide +water sugars + oxygen . This reaction takes place on the thylakoid membrane of the chloroplast and uses energy from sunlight to produce compounds like ATP and NADPH. The second stage of photosynthesis is the Calvin Cycle, which takes place in the stoma of the chloroplast. This stage is light-independent or it does not need energy from sunlight. During this reaction ATP and NADPH from Stage 1are used to produce high energy sugars. The reaction is 3CO2 + 6NADPH + 5H2O + 9ATP G3P + 2H+ + 6NADP+ + 9ADP + 8Pi . Additionally, the three limiting factors of photosynthesis are the light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and the temperature. Lastly, the items used in this particular experiment were baking soda to provide CO2, a light to excite the electrons in stage 1, distilled…
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Purpose: Students will be able to describe photosynthesis and cellular respiration and explain how they are related.…
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Photosynthesis is the process by which plants create food for themselves which occurs in the cytoplast organ of the cell. They absorb carbon dioxide, water, and solar energy to produce glucose and oxygen (Doc C). Cellular respiration on the other hand, is the process occurring in the mitochondria by which organisms create energy to power cellular processes. This process takes in glucose and oxygen to create carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of ATP (Doc C). These processes follow the law of conservation of matter and energy as the amount of products is always equal to the amount of reactants in a chemical equation. So the amount of glucose and oxygen created during photosynthesis is equal to the amount of carbon dioxide and water used and the amount of carbon dioxide and water produced during cellular respiration is equal to the amount of glucose and oxygen used. Many people notice that the products of cellular respiration are the reactants of photosynthesis and the products of photosynthesis are the reactants of cellular respiration. This is because the two processes work together to provide organisms with food and…
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Cellular Respiration is a process by which cells obtain energy from glucose. Cells are broken down into simple food molecules. Cellular Respiration undergoes two processes: Glycolysis and The Krebs Cycle. In Glycolysis enzymes help in chemical reactions that break down oxygen and glucose into different molecules. Pyruvic and 2 molecules of ATP are produced during Glycolysis. In the Krebs cycle nine reactions occur. Pyruvic acid is broken down and carbon dioxide and energy are given off. This energy is then used to create ATP and water.…
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10. What happens when chlorophyll absorbs light? Electrons are raised to a higher energy level…
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In cellular respiration and photosynthesis, the reactants flow through pathways to become products in very different ways. Respiration is catabolic, breaking glucose down, while photosynthesis is an anabolic reaction, building glucose. When respiration breaks glucose down, energy is released in small increments. The released energy is used to synthesize ATP, NADH, and FADH2. The NADH and FADH2 go through oxidative phosphorylation to produce ATP and H2O. Photosynthesis uses light reactions to provide energy to build glucose. Inside the thylakoids, where the light reactions take place, there are two types of photosystems, II and I. Photosystem II utilizes light…
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1. Form hypothesis: During photosynthesis, light energy is used to synthesize carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) into glucose (C6H12O6) and oxygen (O2). The complex series of chemical reactions is summarized by the following formula:…
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Photosynthesis can be divided into two stages: Light Reaction & Calvin Cycle. The process of photosynthesis begins when excited its electrons go into a primary electron acceptor (PEA). They are then passed onto a series of molecules known as the electron transport chain (ETC). The electrons eventually combine with a proton and NADP+ to form NADPH. Another process called chemiosmosis also occurs in the light reaction. Chemiosmosis is a process in which ATP (energy) is produced. So, light, H2O, ADP and NADP+ are required for the light reaction and O2, ATP & NADPH is produced. The ATP and NADPH molecules then go into the dark reactions. In the dark reactions, an enzyme combines CO2 with a five-carbon compound (RuBP). This process makes two G3P molecules. One G3P goes into the production of organic compounds and the other G3P goes back into Calvin Cycle as RuBP. In this reaction, CO2, ATP and NADPH are needed to make ADP, RuBP & NADP+. ADP & NADP+ further go back into light reaction that produces the reactants of dark reactions. This cycle is called a bio-chemical pathway. Sometimes plants can 't produce 3-carbon compounds. There are two…
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In cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen are taken into the cells, then they are converted to carbon dioxide, water and ATP energy and some other energy. Some of the ATP energy is used in photosynthesis; a large amount of energy is used up as heat, only a little energy is stored in the cells. The formula of cellular respiration is:…
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C6H12O6 + 6 H2O + 6 O2 → energy + 6 CO2 + 12 H2O…
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The metabolic processes of cellular respiration and photosynthesis recycle oxygen, as it is a reactant in respiration and a product in photosynthesis. Oxygen is used as the last receptor in the Electron Transport Chain, when the hydrogen ions from the NADH bind to the oxygen forming water (Freeman, 2002). The water enters the light reaction which then gets oxidized into oxygen. The light reactions undergo a process called photolysis, the splitting apart of water by light, which produces oxygen, hydrogen, and electrons.…
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C6 H12 O6 + 6 O2 + 6 H2 O CO2 + 12 H2 O + energy to make 36 – 38 ATP…
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Photosynthesis and cellular respiration play significant roles in existence of all living organisms on the planet. Supplying energy to the cells they carry out is the main process called life. Photosynthesis is the process by which several living organisms such as plants and bacteria utilize sunlight and several raw materials such as carbon dioxide and water to produce sugars and release oxygen into the atmosphere. It does not only supplies oxygen which required for human life but it is also the primary source of food energy for all forms of life, directly or indirectly. Cellular respiration is the process of converting food molecules such as glucose into energy in the form of ATP. In this process, oxygen is utilized and carbon dioxide is produced. Carbon dioxide, required for photosynthesis by plants is replenished by carbon dioxide released in respiration. Similar to oxygen required for respiration is replenished by oxygen released in photosynthesis. Thus, photosynthesis and cellular respiration compliments each other to help maintaining the balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide in nature. Three differences that exist between these two chemical processes is that photosynthesis captures sunlight energy to make food for the plants and other organisms while cellular respiration extracts energy from food molecules. Another difference between photosynthesis and respiration is where it occurs, one being in plants and some bacteria and the other being in most every other living thing. The last difference is cellular respiration processes are divided into processes that require oxygen and those that do not require oxygen while the processes of photosynthesis are divided into those that require light energy and those that do not require light energy. The things to remember are that photosynthesis uses carbon dioxide, water and light to make glucose and oxygen, while respiration uses glucose and oxygen to make carbon dioxide, water and…
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