Organisational Behaviour
There are four theoretical approaches of organizational behaviours which are classical, systems, human relations and contingency approaches that used in management but not certain to use just one approach in a company. It is because every company has different circumstances during various periods. But management have to understand about the main features of each approach to make the best decision.
Classical Approach
Firstly, classical approach emphasis on the planning of the work, the technical requirements of the organisation, principles of management, and the assumption of rational and logical behaviour. There are two key elements in this approach which are scientific management and bureaucracy. For the scientific management, F.W. Taylor, father of scientific management, have set some principles for management to follow. He thought that management should carry out the work to workers in the prescribed way based on the principles. (Mullins and Christy, 2011)
‘A form of structure to be found in many large-scale organisations is bureaucracy. Bureaucracy is abased on specialisation of tasks, hierarchy of authority and decision-making, systems of rules and regulations and an impersonal orientation from officials.’’ (Mullins and Christy, 2011) Therefore, people who work in a company of bureaucracy structure usually find that their opinion cannot be listened by the management. Max Weber, who is a German sociologist, also tried to identify about the characteristics of bureaucracy. One of his concepts about structure of organisation are ‘rational-legal’. He treated it as the dominant institution of modern society. He thought it is rational as the organisation is like a well-designed machine with a certain function to perform, and every part of the machine contributes to the attainment of maximum performance of that function under the structure of bureaucracy. (Pugh and Hickson, 1989) Also, hierarchy of authority is one of the crucial characteristics of bureaucracy,
Classical Approach
Firstly, classical approach emphasis on the planning of the work, the technical requirements of the organisation, principles of management, and the assumption of rational and logical behaviour. There are two key elements in this approach which are scientific management and bureaucracy. For the scientific management, F.W. Taylor, father of scientific management, have set some principles for management to follow. He thought that management should carry out the work to workers in the prescribed way based on the principles. (Mullins and Christy, 2011)
‘A form of structure to be found in many large-scale organisations is bureaucracy. Bureaucracy is abased on specialisation of tasks, hierarchy of authority and decision-making, systems of rules and regulations and an impersonal orientation from officials.’’ (Mullins and Christy, 2011) Therefore, people who work in a company of bureaucracy structure usually find that their opinion cannot be listened by the management. Max Weber, who is a German sociologist, also tried to identify about the characteristics of bureaucracy. One of his concepts about structure of organisation are ‘rational-legal’. He treated it as the dominant institution of modern society. He thought it is rational as the organisation is like a well-designed machine with a certain function to perform, and every part of the machine contributes to the attainment of maximum performance of that function under the structure of bureaucracy. (Pugh and Hickson, 1989) Also, hierarchy of authority is one of the crucial characteristics of bureaucracy,