Organic Chemistry

Salcedo, Donna Daria R.
BS-APS-4
Glass Manipulation
      Experiment no. 1
    I. Introduction:
        Glass tubes or glass tubing are hollow pieces of borosilicate or flint glass used in laboratory glassware. They are commercially available in various thicknesses and lengths, according to known standards. Glass tubes can be cut by scoring with a cutter, and bending, giving a break with a clean edge. The ends are preferably flame polished before used to remove the edge. Glass tubes can be bent by heating to red heat in a non-luminous Bunsen flame.
        In this experiment, students will be allowed to explore and manipulate glass tubings to form simple useful laboratory apparatus.
        Objective: To know how to used glass tubes or glass tubing.
    II. Methodology:
        • Materials:
          Glass Tubing, Triangular file, Bunsen Burner, Wing Top and Chalk
        • Procedure:
          The glass tube was held firmly on the table top with one hand. It was place in an edge of a triangular file on the tube and was firmly drawn the file one time only. The glass tube was held in both hands, with the scratch facing away and the thumbs behind the scratch. Firm was exert but gentle pressure on the tube with thumbs until the tube snaps apart. The Bunsen burner was light up and it was adjust for non-luminous flame with a double cone. The cut end of the tube was inserted into the flame, just above the inner cone. It was held it as vertically possible and the tube was rotate in the flame until a bright yellow color appears. The tube was held in the yellow flame for half minute and the hot tube was place on a clean dry table top.
          After the glass was cooled examine the firepolished surface and compared it with freshly cut surface. The glass tube was held one end in the flame above the inner cone. Held it horizontally and rotate in the flame. The sealed was removed from the flame   and allow it to cool for ten minutes. On the the... [continues]

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