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Online Shopping Habits

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Online Shopping Habits
REVIEW OF LITERATURE
ONLINE SHOPPING Online shopping or online retailing is a form of electronic commerce which allows consumers to directly buy goods or services from a seller over the Internet using a web browser. Alternative names are: e-shop, e-store, Internet shop, web-shop, web-store, online store, and virtual store. An online shop evokes the physical analogy of buying products or services at a bricks-and-mortar retailer or shopping center; the process is called business-to-consumer (B2C) online shopping. In the case where a business buys from another business, the process is called business-to-business (B2B) online shopping. The largest of these online retailing corporations are eBay and Amazon.com, both based in the United States. The first World Wide Web server and browser, created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1990, opened for commercial use in 1991.Thereafter, subsequent technological innovations emerged in 1994: online banking, the opening of an online pizza shop by Pizza Hut, Netscape’s SSL v2 encryption standard for secure data transfer, and Intershop's first online shopping system. Immediately after, Amazon.com launched its online shopping site in 1995 and eBay was introduced in 1996. Online customers must have access to the Internet and a valid method of payment in order to complete a transaction. Generally, higher levels of education, and personal income, correspond to more favorable perceptions of shopping online. Increased exposure to technology also increases the probability of developing favorable attitudes towards new shopping channels Consumers find a product of interest by visiting the website of the retailer directly or by searching among alternative vendors using a shopping search engine. Once a particular product has been found on the website of the seller, most online retailers use shopping cart software to

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    References: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Brady, Mick (2000). ―Reality check: the state of e-commerce‖, E-Commerce Times. Retrieved July 11, 2000 from http://www.ecommercetimes.com/perl/story/3738.html. Donthu, Naveen, and Adriana Garcia, (1999). ―The Internet shopper‖, Journal of Advertising Research, 39(3): 52-58. Experian (2001), http://www.experian.com. InternetNews (1999). ―Fear and loathing in the world of online shopping‖, retrieved September, 2000 from http://www.internetnews.com/ec-news/article.php/4_219101. Li, Hailong, Cheng Kua, and Martha G. Russell (1999). ―The impact of perceived channel utilities, shopping orientations, and demographics on the consumer 's online buying behavior‖, Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 5(2): NP. McQuivey, James L., (2000). ―Why some young consumers don’t shop online‖, The Forrester Techno graphics Brief, June 2, 2000, Forrester Research, Inc. Miyazaki, Anthony D. and Ana Fernandez (2001). ―Consumer perceptions of privacy and security risks for online shopping‖, Journal of Consumer Affairs, 35(1): 27-44. Retail Forward (2000), ―E-Retail Intelligence Update, January 2000‖, retrieved October 2000 from http://www.pwc-ris.com/membercontent/. Siu, Noel Yee Man, and May Mei-Sham Cheng (2001). ―A study of the expected adoption of online shopping: The case of Hong Kong‖, Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 13(3), 87-106. Spiwak, Stephen J. (2003), ―Retail E-Commerce Sales,‖ Retail Update June 2003, Retail Forward, Columbus, OH. Srinivasan, Seenu; Rolph Anderson, and Kishore Ponnavolu (2002). ―Consumer loyalty in e-commerce: an exploration of its antecedents and consequences‖, Journal of Retailing, 78(1), 41-50. Strauss, Judy and Raymond Frost (1999). E-Marketing, New York: Prentice Hall. Swaminathan, Vanitha, White Lepkowska, Rao Elzbietam and P. Bharat (1999). ―Browsers or buyers in cyberspace? An investigation of factors influencing electronic exchange‖, [Electronic version]. Journal of Computer Mediated Communication, 5(2). Swinyard, William R. and Scott M. Smith (2003). ―Why People (Don’t) Shop Online: A Lifestyle Study of the Internet Consumer‖, Psychology & Marketing, 20(7), 567–597. Tan, Joo-Jiuan (1999). ―Strategies for reducing consumers ' risk aversion in Internet shopping‖, Journal of Consumer Marketing, 16(2), 163-180.…

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