noise p0llution
GUIDELINES
FOR
COMMUNITY NOISE
Edited by
Birgitta Berglund
Thomas Lindvall
Dietrich H Schwela
This WHO document on the Guidelines for Community Noise is the outcome of the WHO- expert task force meeting held in London, United Kingdom, in April 1999. It bases on the document entitled
“Community Noise” that was prepared for the World Health Organization and published in 1995 by the
Stockholm University and Karolinska Institute.
World Health Organization, Geneva
Cluster of Sustainable Development and Healthy Environment (SDE)
Department of the Protection of the Human Environment (PHE)
Occupational and Environmental Health (OEH)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword .........................................................................................................................................iii
Preface..............................................................................................................................................v
Executive Summary.......................................................................................................................vii
1. Introduction............................................................................................................................. 1
2. Noise sources and their measurement ..................................................................................... 3
2.1. Basic Aspects of Acoustical Measurements........................................................................ 3
2.2. Sources of Noise.................................................................................................................. 5
2.3. The Complexity of Noise and Its Practical Implications .................................................... 8
2.4. Measurement Issues .......................................................................................................... 11
2.5. Source Characteristics and Sound
FOR
COMMUNITY NOISE
Edited by
Birgitta Berglund
Thomas Lindvall
Dietrich H Schwela
This WHO document on the Guidelines for Community Noise is the outcome of the WHO- expert task force meeting held in London, United Kingdom, in April 1999. It bases on the document entitled
“Community Noise” that was prepared for the World Health Organization and published in 1995 by the
Stockholm University and Karolinska Institute.
World Health Organization, Geneva
Cluster of Sustainable Development and Healthy Environment (SDE)
Department of the Protection of the Human Environment (PHE)
Occupational and Environmental Health (OEH)
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Foreword .........................................................................................................................................iii
Preface..............................................................................................................................................v
Executive Summary.......................................................................................................................vii
1. Introduction............................................................................................................................. 1
2. Noise sources and their measurement ..................................................................................... 3
2.1. Basic Aspects of Acoustical Measurements........................................................................ 3
2.2. Sources of Noise.................................................................................................................. 5
2.3. The Complexity of Noise and Its Practical Implications .................................................... 8
2.4. Measurement Issues .......................................................................................................... 11
2.5. Source Characteristics and Sound