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New Urbanity in Mega-Urban Projects: The Comparison of Amsterdam and Copenhagen

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New Urbanity in Mega-Urban Projects: The Comparison of Amsterdam and Copenhagen
New Urbanity in Mega-Urban Projects: the comparison of
Zuidas, Amsterdam and Ørestad, Copenhagen

Kari Burton
BENVGEPC
IREP
Word Count: 2,487

Kari Burton BENVGEPC

1|P a g e

1.0 Context of Mega-Urban Projects and New Urbanity
‘By 2050, 75% of the world’s population will live in cities’ (Graham, 2010,p.155). One way in which Governments, urban planners and private property developers are addressing this problem is through the development of mega-urban projects. Fainstein (2008,p.768) attempts to define this concept; ‘a development requiring new construction and/or substantial rehabilitation. The implementation may take a number of years and the main aim is to transform the land.’
Mega-urban projects have been largely influenced by the process of economic and cultural globalisation (Jessop, 2010). Governments are embracing new spatial strategies and urban policies to improve their international competitiveness in the increasing globalised world
(Held in Steger, 2003).
This essay focuses on two European mega-urban projects Zuidas, Amsterdam and Ørestad,
Copenhagen. New urbanity is an ambition for both projects, which is defined as ‘a planning concept that radically introduces aspects of urbanity, such as buildings in higher densities and mixed spatial uses’ (Majoor, 2008a,p.34). However, this can often be too ambiguous as purely economic spatial functions dominate (Jessop, 2010). Therefore, demands for international capital are satisfied, but little contribution is made to societal factors
(Swyngedouw et al.2002).
The essay will start with individual studies of Zuidas and Ørestad, looking at their driving forces, institutional arrangements, outcomes and impacts. The projects will then be analytically compared, placing emphasis on whether new urbanity has been successfully achieved. From the cases of Zuidas and Ørestad, the essay will finally assess the general processes and trends of mega-urban projects.

Kari Burton BENVGEPC



References: Andersen, J. (2003), Gambling politics or successful entrepreneurship? The Ørestad project in Copenhagen, in: F Bertolini, L. (1999), “Spatial development patterns and public transport: the application of an analytical model in the Netherlands”, Planning Practice and Research, 14(2), pp CBRE (2013), Zuidas Amsterdam- An Insider’s View, available from: http://www.cbre.eu/portal/pls/portal/res_rep.show_report?report_id= 2984 [Accessed 12 April Fainstein, S. (2008), “Mega-projects in New York, London and Amsterdam”, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 32(4), pp Graham, S. (2010), Cities Under Siege: the new military urbanism, London. Verso. IAURIF. (2007), Large – Scale Urban Development Projects in Europe, Drivers of Change in City Regions- Institute for Urban Planning and Development of the Île-De-France Region, Jessop, R. (2000), “The Crisis of the National Spatio-Temporal Fix: and the Ecological Dominance of Globalizing”, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, 24(2), Jorgensen, I, Kjoersdam, F. and Nielsen, J. (1997), “A plan of hope and glory. An example of development planning in Denmark after Maastritch’, in: P Majoor, S. (2007). “Zuidas, Amsterdam: ambitions et incertitudes d’un project d’un nouveau centre Métropolitain”, les Cahiers d’IAURIF, Institute d’Amangement et d’Urbanisme de la Majoor, S. (2008a), Chapter 3, Amsterdam Zuidas, In: Majoor, S. (2008), Disconnected innovations: new urbanity in large-scale development projects: Zuidas Amsterdam, Ørestad Majoor, S. (2008b), Chapter 4, Copenhagen Ørestad , In: Majoor, S. (2008), Disconnected innovations: new urbanity in large-scale development projects: Zuidas Amsterdam, Ørestad Majoor, S. (2009), ‘The Disconnected Innovation of New Urbanity in Zuidas Amsterdam, Ørestad Copenhagen and Forum Barcelona’, European Planning Studies, 17 (9), pp Majoor, S. (2014), Amsterdam Zuidas – Megaproject in Transition, Paper Presented at MSc International Real Estate and Planning, Amsterdam, 20 February 2014 Majoor, S. and Jorgensen, J. (2007), Copenhagen Ørestad: Public partnership in search of the market, in: W Ørestadsselskabet. (2007), Annual Report 2006, Copenhagen: Ørestadsselskabet. Rhyl, C. (2013), Ørestad: Failure or Work in Progress, available from http://dispatch.dis.dk/story/%C3%B8restad-failure-or-work-progress [Accessed 15th April Salet, W. and Majoor, S. (2005), Amsterdam Zuidas European Space, Rotterdam: 010 Publishers. Schuiling, D. (1996), “Key projects for urban regeneration: the Dutch experience”, Planning Practice and Research, 11, (3), pp Steger, M. (2003), Globalisation: A Very Short Introduction, Oxford: Oxford University Press. Swyngedouw, E. & Moulaert, F. & Rodriguez, A. (2002), 'Neoliberal urbanization in Europe: Large-Scale Urban Development Projects and the New Urban Policy ', Antipode, Thor Andersen, H. & Jørgensen, J. (1995), “City profile Copenhagen”, Cities, 12(1), pp. Trip, J. (2008), 'Urban Quality in High-speed Train Station Area Redevelopment: The Cases of Amsterdam Zuidas and Rotterdam Centraal ' VanderHoek, A. (2005), ‘Remodelling the urban landscape’, from Salet, W. & Majorr, S. (2005), Amsterdam Zuidas European Space, Rotterdam: 010 Publishers, pp. 25-42. Zonnefeld, J. (2007), What Kind of City Centre Will the Zuidas Become, available from: http://laps rietveld.nl/?p=836 [Accessed 9th April 2014].

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