Negative Transfer
Second Language Teaching and Learning
Negative Transfer of Pronunciation and the Polish Second Language Learner
MA Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Karolina Ciecwierz
Table of Contents
Negative Transfer of Pronunciation and the Polish Second Language learner
1. Introduction 3 2. Definition of Terms 3 ❑ Language acquisition ❑ Interlanguage ❑ Interference ❑ Fossilization
3. Language Transfer 4
❑ Positive Transfer ❑ Negative Transfer
4. Analysis of Polish learner errors caused by Negative 7 Language Transfer
❑ Reading ❑ Phonetic Errors ❑ Stress ❑ Juncture ❑ Vowels ❑ Consonants ❑ Intonation
5. Influence of language learning environment. 9 6. Conclusion 10 7. References 12
Negative Transfer of Pronunciation and the Polish Second Language Learner
1. Introduction
‘Language transfer’ in the language learning process is inevitable. Language transfer as a linguistic concept has always been identified empirically in language learning situations.
At the beginning of the assignment, I will define language transfer and its historical origin. However, the main focus of my assignment is on negative transfer and its impact on pronunciation development, occurrence of errors, and their identification. In essence, I will discuss how the learner’s existing linguistic knowledge influences second language pronunciation development, and then try to establish the extent to which learners’ awareness of transfer can influence language development.
2. Definition of the terms
Language acquisition
Corder (1994:20) says that “acquiring a language is a creative process in which learners are interacting with their environment to produce an internalised representation of
Negative Transfer of Pronunciation and the Polish Second Language Learner
MA Applied Linguistics and TESOL
Karolina Ciecwierz
Table of Contents
Negative Transfer of Pronunciation and the Polish Second Language learner
1. Introduction 3 2. Definition of Terms 3 ❑ Language acquisition ❑ Interlanguage ❑ Interference ❑ Fossilization
3. Language Transfer 4
❑ Positive Transfer ❑ Negative Transfer
4. Analysis of Polish learner errors caused by Negative 7 Language Transfer
❑ Reading ❑ Phonetic Errors ❑ Stress ❑ Juncture ❑ Vowels ❑ Consonants ❑ Intonation
5. Influence of language learning environment. 9 6. Conclusion 10 7. References 12
Negative Transfer of Pronunciation and the Polish Second Language Learner
1. Introduction
‘Language transfer’ in the language learning process is inevitable. Language transfer as a linguistic concept has always been identified empirically in language learning situations.
At the beginning of the assignment, I will define language transfer and its historical origin. However, the main focus of my assignment is on negative transfer and its impact on pronunciation development, occurrence of errors, and their identification. In essence, I will discuss how the learner’s existing linguistic knowledge influences second language pronunciation development, and then try to establish the extent to which learners’ awareness of transfer can influence language development.
2. Definition of the terms
Language acquisition
Corder (1994:20) says that “acquiring a language is a creative process in which learners are interacting with their environment to produce an internalised representation of
References: Arabski, J., ed. (2006) Cross-linguistic Influences in the Second Language Lexicon., Clevedon: Multilingual Matters LTD. Benson, C. (2002) ‘Transfer/Cross-linguistic influence’ ELT Journal,56:1,68-70. Duly, H. and M. Burt (1974) ‘Errors and strategies in child second acquisition’ TESOL Quarterly, 8: ,129-136. Corder , S. P. (1967) ‘ The significance of learner’s errors’. International Review of Applied Linguistics,5:,161-170. Corder , S. P. (1994) A Role For The Mother Tongue. in S. Gass and L. Selinker eds Ellis, R. (1997) Second Language Acquisition., Oxford: Oxford University Press. Ellis, R. (2008) The Study of Second Language Acquisition. 2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press. Gass, S. (1979)’Language transfer and universal grammatical relations’. Language Learning,29,327-344. Kasper, G. (1992)’Pragmatic Transfer’. Second Language Research,8:,31-203. Kellerman, E. (1979)’Transfer and non-transfer: where are we now? Studies in Second Language Acquisition,2:,37-57. Roach, P. (2009) English Phonetics and Phonology: A practical Course. 4th ed., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Ringbom, H. (2007:1) The importance of Cross-linguistic Similarity in Foreign Language Learning: Comprehension, Learning and Production, Selinker, L. (1972) ‘Interlanguage’, IRAL10,209-231. in S. Gass and L. Selinker (eds.): Language Transfer in Language Learning, Amsterdam: John Benjamin B.V. Smith, M. and B. Swan., eds. (2001) Learner English: A teacher’s guide to interference and other problems., Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Schachter, J. (1974) ‘An error in error analysis’. Language learning,2:,205-213. Zhao Hong Han (2004) ‘Fossilization: five central issues’, International Journal of Applied Linguistics,2,14:,221:242.