Modern Management

NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT

MODERN MANAGEMENT PART1 MARKS 100

All questions are compulsory. The first five questions shall be of 16 marks each. And last questions shall be of 20 marks.

Q1

  How important is management function to society?

  What is the management science approach to management?

SCIENTIFIC  MANAGEMENT
There is a best machine for each job, so there is a best working method by which people should undertake their jobs
All job processes should be analysed into discrete tasks & via this management find the ‘one best’ way to perform each task .

Principles of scientific management
The development of a true science for each person’s work
The scientific selection, training and development of workers
Co-operation with workers to ensure work is carried out in prescribed way
The division of work and responsibility between management and workers

Bureaucracy – the main characteristics
Tasks are allocated as official duties among the various positions
An implied clear-cut division of labour and a high level of specialisation
Uniformity of decisions and actions achieved through formally established systems of rules & regulations
An impersonal orientation expected from officials in their dealing with clients
Employment is based on technical qualifications

Bureaucracy – the main features
Specialisation
Hierarchy of authority
System of rules
Impersonality

Criticism of bureaucracy

Over-emphasis on rules and procedures, record keeping and paperwork
Lack of flexibility and stifling of initiative
Position and responsibilities can lead to officious bureaucratic behaviour
Impersonal relations can lead to stereotyped behaviour and lack of responsiveness to individual
Q2

  How can society help business meet its social responsibilities?

  Why should managers undergo diversity training?

As the workplace becomes more diverse, people of all races, ages, sexual orientations, physical abilities and ethnic... [continues]

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