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Suggested Essay Structure
Title: Give your piece of work a title.
Introduction: Give the reader direction. What is your intention for this piece of work? Introduce the research article. (200-300).
Main Body: You must also introduce your choice of critical appraisal framework and provide a rationale. Your choice of framework will provide the structure here. Please refer to lecture notes and resources (all on Moodle).
(2300 -2500).
Conclusion: Provide a summary of what has taken place. What are the implications for nursing practice? (300-400).

The critical appraisal of research written by Fitzsimons D Mullan D Wilson J S Conway B Corcoran B Demster M Gamble J Stewart C Rafferty S McMahon M McMahon J Mullholland P Hanna L Brown J (2007) The challenge of patients unmet palliative care needs in the final stages of chronic illness Palliative Medicine 21, 313-322

INTRODUCTION
The essay aims to critically analyse a research article, ………. (put the title of the article here) by Fitzsimons et al (2007). The critical appraisal is going to use a recognised research framework known as Critical Appraisal Skill Programme (CASP). Moore and McQuay (2006) define critical appraisal as a process of looking carefully at the research in a systematic way to judge its trustworthiness, effectiveness and also to evaluate its relevance in a particular context. In this assignment the analysis is going to focus on the importance of mixed method in a case study in the research article. The research used a mixed methodology to explore palliative care needs of non-cancerous patients. Data was collected from patients themselves, their significant others and their clinical team who are responsible for their care. To undertake this study the researchers used various methods and recommended tools such as the Short Form 36 (SF 36) and Hospital and Anxiety and Depression Questionnaire HADS. The researchers found that patients with a non-cancerous diagnosis health status were



References: Barbour RS (2001) Checklists for improving rigour in qualitative research: a case of the tail wagging the dog? British Medical Journal 322 (7294): 1115-1117. Bazeley P (2009) Editorial: Integrating data analysis in mixed methods research. Journal of mixed methods research 3(3):203-207. Blakemore S (2010) Report shows how patient experience and satisfaction can be measured. Nursing Management 16 (9) 7. Bowling, A. (2002) Research Methods in Health: Investigating Health and Health Services (2nd Ed). Buckingham: Open University Press. Bryman, A. (2001) Social Research Methods.Oxford: University Press. Cooper J and Hewison A (2002) Implementing audit in palliative care: an action research approach. Journal of Advanced Nursing 39 (4):360-69. D’haenen H A H, Boer J A, Willner P (2002) Biological Psychiatry. London: John Wiley and son. Fischer CT (2006) Qualitative research methods for Psychologist: Introduction through empirical studies. London: Elsevier. Haigh C (2007) ‘Getting ethics approval’, in long T and Johnson M. Research ethics in the real world: issues and solutions for health and social care. London: Churchill Livingstone, Elsevier. Hockley J, Dewar B, Watson J (2005) Promoting end-of-life care in nursing homes using integrated care pathway for the last stage of life. Journal of research in nursing 10 (2): 135-152. Holloway, I., Wheeler, S (2002) Qualitative Research in Nursing (2nd Ed). Oxford: Blackwell. Isbister, W. (2000) Good communication is an essential part of the educational process. British Medical Journal; 320: 7251, 1729. Johnson R and Onwuegbuzie A (2004) Mixed methods research: a research Jones C (2004) Quantitative and Qualitative research: conflicting paradigms or perfect partners. Accessed via http://www.shef.ac.uk//nle 2004/proceedings/symposia/symposium 4 in 10 March 2010. Mays, N., Pope, C. (2000) Qualitative research in healthcare: assessing quality in qualitative research. British Medical Journal 320 (7226): 50-52. Moore A and McQuay H (2006) Clinical trial. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Public Health Resource unit (2008) Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) .online at: www.phru.nhs.uk/casp.htm :( accessed 14 June 2010). Schneider Z, Whitehead D, Elliott D (2007) Nursing& midwifery research: methods and appraisal for evidence-based practice, 3rd edition. London: Mosby Elsevier. Shamoo A E and Resnik D B (2009) Responsible conduct of research. 2rd Edition. Oxford: oxford University Press. Wood MJ, Ross-Kerr JC, Brink PJ (2006) Basic steps in Planning Nursing Research: From Question to Proposal. 6th edition. Sudbury: Jones and Barlett.

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