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Les Ressources Imprévues D’une Culture : Une Entreprise « Excellente » À Casablanca

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Les Ressources Imprévues D’une Culture : Une Entreprise « Excellente » À Casablanca
Réflexions autour de l’article : « » de PHILIPPE D’IRIBARNE
Résumé
Les facteurs immatériels de l’entreprise jouent aujourd’hui plus que jamais un rôle prépondérant dans ses performances. Désormais, la culture de l’entreprise fait partie de ces facteurs qui, selon Philippe D’Iribarne (1997), expliquent la réussite de certaines firmes, entre autres la filiale du groupe SGS-Thomson implantée à Casablanca. D’Iribarne montre que les références culturelles locales, propres à la société marocaine, ont facilité l’implantation du management par la qualité totale « TQM » dans cette entreprise.
A partir de l’analyse des apports de cet auteur nous essayerons de jeter un éclairage sur les fondements du TQM et sur le type des relations qu’ils entretiennent avec les références culturelles et religieuses locales. Présentation de l’œuvre de Philippe D’Iribarne
Partant d’un projet dont les grandes lignes paraissaient déjà dans son œuvre fondamentale « La logique de l’honneur » (d’Iribarne,1989), Philippe d’Iribarne élargit, à l’occasion de « Cultures et mondialisation », sa pensée et sa vision dite « culturaliste » dans des sociétés africaines.
Ainsi nous ne pouvons pas comprendre les différentes démarches proposées dans le présent livre, sans commencer par ses principes de départ, ses explications et le caractère méthodologique que l’auteur n’a pas cessé de défendre durant les onze dernières années.
D’Iribarne part du constat, selon lequel, les études qui se réfèrent au courant « institutionnaliste » se sont largement répandues durant les dernières décennies. Contrairement à cela, les recherches sur l’importance de l’élément culturel étaient rejetées, voire même abandonnées : « Le rejet de ce qu’il est convenu d’appeler le « culturalisme » s’est répandu. Et les comparaisons internationales portant sur les entreprises privilégient, dans leurs courants dominants, les différences de système institutionnels » (Boudon et Bourricaud, 1982).
Effectivement, la dimension

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