Preview

Learning: Dyslexia and Et Al.

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
28205 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Learning: Dyslexia and Et Al.
Literature Review: An International Perspective on
Dyslexia

* Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 Executive Summary 2 Background 2 Methodology 4 Findings 4 1. Introduction 10 2. International Definitions 12 3. Causes and Characteristics of Dyslexia 19 4. Identification of Dyslexia 24 4.1 Dyslexia Early Screening Test (DEST) 25 4.2 Cognitive Profiling System (CoPS) 32 4.3 Wechsler Intelligence Test for Children (WISC) 34 4.4 Response to Intervention (RTI) 35 5. Intervention and Support 39 6. Long-Term Prospects of Dyslexics 56 7. Language and Dyslexia 60 7.1 The Impact of Orthographic Consistency on Dyslexia 61 7.2 The Impact of Alphabetic and Logographic Language Systems on Dyslexia 63 8. Conclusions 67 9. References 69 APPENDIX 1-other tests available to identify dyslexic individuals 84 APPENDIX 2-other commercial intervention programs 86 APPENDIX 3-summary of issues raised during peer review process 86

* Executive Summary * Background
Literacy is one of the competencies necessary for effective participation in modern life and is a prerequisite for the achievement of many other essential competencies, both generic and specific. It underpins access to all learning areas across the curriculum. New Zealand has a good reputation for the literacy achievement of its students, but it also has a system where a number of learners are not achieving well by international standards2. There is a group of students who experience persistent and on-going difficulties in literacy, and recently there have been particular questions as to whether the current education system is meeting the needs of a group of students with specific learning disabilities (SLD), in particular those commonly referred to as dyslexia.
Dyslexia is an often misunderstood, confusing term for



References: Aaron, P. G. (1997). The Impending Demise of the Discrepancy Formula. Review of Educational Research, 67, 461-502. Abu-Rabia, S.; Share, D.; Mansour, M Alexander, A. W.; Slinger-Constant, A-M. (2004). Current Status of Treatments for Dyslexia: Critical Review. Journal of Child Neurology, 19, 744-758. Alm, J.; Anderson, J Anderson, M. L. (2003). Embodied Cognition: A Field Guide. Artificial Intelligence, 149, 91-130. Ansara, A.; Geschwind, N.; Galaburda, A Blomert, L.; Mitterer, H.; Paffen, C. (2004). In Search of the Auditory, Phonetic, and/or Phonological Problems in Dyslexia: Context Effects in Speech Perception. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research, 47, 1030-1047 Boetsch, E. A.; Green, P. A.; Pennington, B. F. (1996). Psychosocial Correlates of Dyslexia across the Lifespan. Development and Psychopathology, 8, 539-562. Borstrom, I.; Elbro, C British Dyslexia Association. (2005). Practical Solutions to Identifying Dyslexia in Juvenile Offenders. British Psychological Society Brown, E. E.; Eliez, S.; Menon, V.; Rumsey, J. M.; White, C. D.; Reiss, A. L. (2001). Preliminary Evidence of Widespread Morphological Variations of the Brain in Dyslexia, Neurology, 56, 781-783. Burns, M Chan, C. K. K.; Siegel, L. S. (2001). Phonological Processing in Reading Chinese among Normally Achieving and Poor Readers. Journal of Experimental Child Psychology, 80, 23-43. Chapman, J Chapman, J. W.; Tunmer, W. E.; Prochnow, J. E. (2000). Early Reading Related Skills and Performance, Reading Self-Concept, and the Development of Chapman, J. W.; Tunmer, W. E.; Allen, R. (2003). Findings from the International Adult Literacy Survey on the Incidence and Correlates of Learning Disabilities in Clay, M. M. (2001). Change over Time of Children’s Literacy Achievement. Portsmouth, NH: Heinermann Cossu, G. (1999). Biological Constraints on Literacy Acquisition. Reading and Writing, 11, 213-237. Cunningham, J D’Agostino, J. V.; Murphy, J. A. (2004). A Meta-Analysis of Reading Recovery in United States Schools. Educational Evaluation and Policy Analysis, 26, 23-38. Davis, R Department of Education and Skills. (2004). Removing Barriers to Achievement. Department of Education and Skills Elkins, J. (2001). Learning Disabilities in Australia. In Hallahan, D. P.; Keough, B. K Elliott, J.; Lee, S. W.; Tollefson, N. (2001). A Reliability and Validity Study of the Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills. School Psychology Review, 30, 33-49. Esser, G.; Schmidt, M Fawcett, A. J.; Nicolson, R. I.; Dean, P. (1996). Impaired Performance of Children with Dyslexia on a range of Cerebellar Tasks. Annals of Dyslexia, 46, 259-283. Fawcett, A Fawcett, A. J.; Nicolson, R. I. (1999). Performance of Dyslexic Children on Cerebellar and Cognitive Tests. Journal of Motor Behaviour, 31, 68-78. Fawcett, A Fawcett, A. J. (2001). Dyslexia: Theory and Good Practice. Whurr: London. Fawcett, A. J. (2002). Reading Remediation: An Evaluation of Traditional Phonologically Based Interventions. London, UK: DfES. Field, L Fletcher, J. M.; Foorman, B. R.; Shaywitz, S. E.; Shaywitz, B. A. (1999). Conceptual and Methodological Issues in Dyslexia Research: A lesson for Developmental Disorders Frederickson, N.; Frith, U.; Reason, R. (1997). Phonological Assessment Battery (PhAB). Windsor: NFER-Nelson. Frederickson, N Frith, U. (1997). Brain, Mind and Behaviour in Dyslexia. In Hulme, C.; Snowling, M. Dyslexia: Biology, Cognition and Intervention. Whurr: London. Frith, U.; Wimmer, H.; Landerl, K Fuchs, D.; Fuchs, L. S. (2001). Responsiveness to Intervention: A Blueprint for Practitioners, Policymakers, and Parents. Teaching Exceptional Children, 38, 57- 61 Fuchs, D.; Fuchs, L. S. (2006). Introduction to Response to Intervention: What, why, and how valid is it? Reading Research Quarterly, 41, 93-99. Fulbright, R Gathercole, S. E.; Willis, C.; Baddeley, A. D.; Emslie, H. (1994). The Children’s Test of Nonword Repetition: A Test of Phonological Working Memory. Memory, 2, 103-127. Gathercole, S Given, B. K.; Reid, G. (1999). Learning Styles-A Guide for Teachers and Parents. Lancashire: Red Rose Publications Good, R. H.; Jefferson, G. (1998). Contemporary Perspectives on Curriculum Based Measurement Validity Good, R. H.; Kaminski, R. A. (1998). Dynamic Indicators of Basic Early Literacy Skills. Eugene, OR: University of Oregan. Goulandris, N Greenblatt, E.; Mattis, S.; Trad, P. V. (1991). The ACID Pattern and the Freedom from Distractibility Factor in a Child Psychiatric Population. Developmental Neuropsychology, 7, 121-130. Grigorenko, E A.; Pauls, D. L. (1997). Susceptibility Loci for Distinct Components of Developmental Dyslexia on Chromosomes 6 and 15. American Journal of Human Genetics, 60, 27-39. Habib, M Hales, G. W. (2001). The Pattern of Personality in Dyslexic Children and Adults: The Invisible Symptoms and the Effects they Produce Harris, M.; Hatano, G. (1999). Learning to Read and Write: A Cross-Linguistic Perspective. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Heiervang, E.; Stevenson, J.; Hugdahl, K Helmuth, L. (2001). Dyslexia: Same Brains, Different Language. Science, 291, 2064-2065. Hiebert, E Ho, C. S-H.; Lai, D. N. C. (1999). Naming-Speed Deficits and Phonological Memory Deficits in Chinese Developmental Dyslexia. Learning and Individual Differences, 11, 173-183. Ho, C Hummel-Rossi, B.; Ashdown, J. (2002). The State of Cost-benefit and CostEffectiveness Analysis in Education. Review of Educational Research, 72, 1-30. Juel, C Kaminski, R. A.; Good, R. H. (1996). Toward a Technology for Assessing Basic Early Literacy Skills. School Psychology Review, 25, 215-227. Kaminski, R

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Better Essays

    A Critical Review of a Senco

    • 4375 Words
    • 18 Pages

    According to Snowling et al (2011), dyslexia is seen to be a “deficit in phonological skills which, in turn, compromises the ability to…

    • 4375 Words
    • 18 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    Jack Horner’s “The Extraordinary Characteristics of Dyslexia” challenged my perception of dyslexics. He contrasts two different mindsets and gives encouragement to those that may feel burdened by dyslexia. Horner struggled with dyslexia growing up and even failed out of college multiple times. He persevered through his failures, learned to think outside the box, and achieved success as a renowned paleontologist. While most might view dyslexia negatively, Horner views it as a way of understanding the world that in some ways is superior.…

    • 607 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    For Gisela’s case, learning disorder or disabilities were highly considered for her having difficulties in reading assignment and spelling test. According to DSM-V of learning disorder, dyslexia is the term for specific impairment in word reading and reading comprehension. It defines the learning difficulties with accurate or fluent word recognition, poor decoding, and poor spelling abilities and reading comprehension. Gisela’s learning difficulties were likely to link with the dyslexia.…

    • 451 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Joy Pollock, Elisabeth Waller and Rody Pollitt., 2004., Day to Day Dyslexia in the Classroom Second Edition.…

    • 2028 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    “We've been thinking about dyslexia all wrong” is what Dr.’s Brock and Fernette Eide expressed in their revolution book, The Dyslexia Advantage. They are two learning disability experts who argued and highlighted that we should not focus on dyslexia’s weakness in learning. Instead, we should focus on what makes them distinctive, capable and unique. The authors presented case studies and stories that highlighted the remarkable talent and ability of individuals with dyslexia.…

    • 351 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Overcoming Dyslexia

    • 369 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Shaywitz, Dr. Sally. (2003). Overcoming Dyslexia. New York, NY: Alfred A. Knopb, a division of Random House, Inc.…

    • 369 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Over one hundred years ago, in November 1896, a doctor in Sussex, England, published the first description of the learning disorder that would come to be known as developmental dyslexia. "Percy F.,... aged 14,... has always been a bright and intelligent boy," wrote W. Pringle Morgan in the "British Medical Journal," "quick at games, and in no way inferior to others of his age. His great difficulty has been--and is now--his inability to learn to read." (Sec 3)…

    • 1710 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Van den Honert, D. Everything you want to know about dyslexia but didn 't know who to ask. Reading From Scratch. Retrieved from http://www.dyslexia.org/resume.shtml…

    • 1479 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    My time spent interning for Donald Takacs was a significant period in my undergraduate career and one which nurtured my interest in school psychology. Donald Takacs, president of the “Dyslexia Society of Connecticut” had partnered with the University of Connecticut to create his Phonics-based Multisensory Reading program. Mr. Takacs introduced me to Dr. Sally Shaywitz’s science-based program for reading difficulties through her book “Overcoming Dyslexia”. The consequences of stereotyping individuals with this disability and lack of detection were clear and disheartening. As an intern, I applied the knowledge I had gained from Mr. Takacs by developing weekly lesson plans for three early elementary school students who showed signs of reading difficulties. In the process, I was able to converse with their teachers and parents regarding their progress and the nature of our program…

    • 751 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    I always thought that dyslexia was untreatable and that those who have it will always have trouble reading. The very first thing that I learned from this reading is that dyslexia is, in fact, treatable, and that changes everything for me. It gives hope for those who have the “malfunction”…

    • 245 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Gabrieli, J. D. (2009). Dyslexia: a new synergy between education and cognitive neuroscience. Science, 325(5938), 280-283. Summary: In this Article, Gabrieli (2009) provides research that focuses on the cognitive part of dyslexia as well as treatments and their cognitive impacts on the brain.…

    • 983 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Do you think you can go a day of being incable of paying attention, hard time making friends, and prone to have tantrums. This is a everyday life for a person who has dyslexia. Many people think that whoever has dyslexia is mentally challenge, but I am here to enlighten you about dyslexia.…

    • 278 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Dyslexia is the most common learning disability and effects the brain. Dyslexia is a learning disorder that uses different parts of the brain when you think. For most people it affects the way the brain gets messiges. In dyslexia there are not different levels but different kinds some kids affect math in where numbers might get switched around. Dyslexia can also make it harder to sound out words and spell them. As you can tell someone with Dyslexia is not affected physically but more mental. When i say mentally i don't mean crazy i mean in…

    • 405 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Looking for the Root

    • 307 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Physical differences and functional inefficiency in three areas of the left hemisphere have consistently been found in individuals with dyslexia. The parieto-temporal and occipito-temporal are affected in the posterior, and the inferior frontal region, or Broca’s area, is affected in the anterior region (Society for Neuroscience, 2012). It is common for dyslexia to run in families, yet no genetic irregularity has been found responsible, and the current research indicates multiple environmental and genetic factors as the cause (Society for Neuroscience, 2012).…

    • 307 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    Hyperlexia

    • 1436 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Whaley/American Hyperlexia Association, J. (n.d.). Home - Learning Disabilities Association of Illinois. Retrieved October 15, 2013, from http://www.ldail.com…

    • 1436 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays