Leaders of the Civil Rights and Black Power Movements
Philip Randolph 1941 Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, which fought Discrimination His threat to march on Washington to protest discriminatory treatment, caused former President Franklin D. Roosevelt to react with new policies on job discrimination.
Thurgood Marshall May 17, 1954 NAACP attorney and later the nation’s first Supreme Court black justice (Brunner & Haney, 2007, ¶ 1). Thurgood Marshall was the attorney for the NAACP in the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, that went before the Supreme Court (Brunner & Haney, 2007, ¶ 1). The court unanimously concluded that segregation in public educational facilities is unconstitutional. The case opened the door for the desegregation process to begin (Brunner & Haney, 2007).
Rosa Parks December 1, 1955 NAACP Member Rosa refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white person so she was placed under arrest (Brunner & Haney, 2007, ¶ 3).. Because of this incarceration, the African American people imposed sanctions on bus transportation until the buses were desegregated Dec. 21, 1956 (Brunner & Haney, 2007).
Martin Luther King Jr. 1956-1968 Southern Christian Leadership Conference cofounder and Civil Rights Leader. Mr. King was not just a civil rights leader he was the creator of civil disobedience organizing civil protests, marches, boycotts, and voter registration (Brunner, 2007, ¶ 4).
Malcolm-X - Radical Far-Left Muslim Civil Rights leader, called for advancement of Blacks by any means necessary, encouraged education, fought against police brutality. Converted thousands of under-class black-Americans into Muslims and shut down habits such as alcoholism, drug abuse among thousands of families. Called for unification of all blacks and made significant efforts to create a separate Black Nation within America called "New Africa". Increased confidence amongst blacks by rallying "Black is Beautiful"
John F. Kennedy, 1962 President... [continues]
Philip Randolph 1941 Brotherhood of Sleeping Car Porters, which fought Discrimination His threat to march on Washington to protest discriminatory treatment, caused former President Franklin D. Roosevelt to react with new policies on job discrimination.
Thurgood Marshall May 17, 1954 NAACP attorney and later the nation’s first Supreme Court black justice (Brunner & Haney, 2007, ¶ 1). Thurgood Marshall was the attorney for the NAACP in the case of Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka, Kansas, that went before the Supreme Court (Brunner & Haney, 2007, ¶ 1). The court unanimously concluded that segregation in public educational facilities is unconstitutional. The case opened the door for the desegregation process to begin (Brunner & Haney, 2007).
Rosa Parks December 1, 1955 NAACP Member Rosa refused to give up her seat on a bus to a white person so she was placed under arrest (Brunner & Haney, 2007, ¶ 3).. Because of this incarceration, the African American people imposed sanctions on bus transportation until the buses were desegregated Dec. 21, 1956 (Brunner & Haney, 2007).
Martin Luther King Jr. 1956-1968 Southern Christian Leadership Conference cofounder and Civil Rights Leader. Mr. King was not just a civil rights leader he was the creator of civil disobedience organizing civil protests, marches, boycotts, and voter registration (Brunner, 2007, ¶ 4).
Malcolm-X - Radical Far-Left Muslim Civil Rights leader, called for advancement of Blacks by any means necessary, encouraged education, fought against police brutality. Converted thousands of under-class black-Americans into Muslims and shut down habits such as alcoholism, drug abuse among thousands of families. Called for unification of all blacks and made significant efforts to create a separate Black Nation within America called "New Africa". Increased confidence amongst blacks by rallying "Black is Beautiful"
John F. Kennedy, 1962 President... [continues]
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