Laser Surgery: Less Painful Way to Perfection by mg


Introduction:
According to Merriam Webster’s dictionary, Laser is a device that utilizes the natural oscillations of atoms or molecules between energy levels for generating a beam of coherent electromagnetic radiation usually in the ultraviolet, visible, or infrared regions of the spectrum. According to American Heritage Dictionary, Laser is any of several devices that emit highly amplified and coherent radiation of one or more discrete frequencies. One of the most common lasers makes use of atoms in a unstable energy state that, as they decay to a lower energy level, stimulate others to decay, resulting in a cascade of emitted radiation.
Before laser there was maser, Maser is an acronym for Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation, which Charles Townes and Arthur Schawlow patents. Maser is used for amplifying radio signals and ultrasensitive detector for space research. Contemporary masers emit electromagnetic waves (microwave and radio frequencies) across the broader band of the electromagnetic spectrum. Charles Townes then suggested using “molecular” replacing the word “microwave” so that it would have accuracy.
Albert Einstein based his principle of stimulated emission on maser in 1917. When atoms are in excited stage, it will amplify radiation at a proper frequency and then produces coherent radiation.
Gordon Gould builds his optical laser. He is the first person to use the word “laser”. Laser is an acronym for Light Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation. The emitted laser light is coherent, for it has very small range of wavelength. The beams of the laser can be gamma rays, ultra-violet rays, visible spectrum, infrared, microwaves and radio waves. Laser contains a lasing medium that can be solid, liquid or gas. The source of energy makes the medium excite the atoms. When the atoms excite, it then emits light. The light will be trapped in the surrounding mirrors and... [continues]

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