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La Diaspora Chinoise

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La Diaspora Chinoise
L’HISTOIRE

A travers la planète, la diaspora chinoise est l’une des plus anciennes et des plus nombreuses.

« Dès le début de l’ère chrétienne, les Chinois, excellents marins, ont commencé à quitter leur pays »
Ces migrations ont d’abord diseminé en Asie puis en Amérique du Nord avant de gagner l’Europe.

En France par exemple , l’aventure commence avec la Première Guerre mondiale. Pour pallier le manque de main-d’œuvre (les hommes sont mobilisés), la Grande-Bretagne et la France font venir environ 130 000 Chinois.
Beaucoup sont originaires de la région du Wenzhou, dans le sud-est du pays. « Cette région était très pauvre et très peuplée.

Dès les années trente, de nombreux étudiants quittent le pays. Parmi eux, certains resteront célèbres dans l’histoire de leur pays, comme Zhou Enlai (1er ministre chinois de la république populaire de 1949 à sa mort) ou Deng Xiaoping ( secrétaire général du parti communiste, acteur majeur pour la libéralisation de la Chine).

en Europe, la majorités des Huaqiao viennent de Wenzhou, tandis qu'aux États-Unis et en Australie, ceux-ci viennent pour leur majorité de Canton. En France, pour des raisons historiques, beaucoup de Huaqiao viennent également, de l'ancienne Indochine française, Vietnam et Cambodge.
Malgré tout 80% reste basé en ASIE

De nos jours, il s’agit non seulement de la plus importante numériquement ( 80 millions) mais c’est aussi la plus riche économiquement ( poids économique 200 et 500 mds)

Le chiffre réel reste difficile à déterminer car des milliers de chinois sortent des frontières chaque année dont une partie de manière illégale (60 000)

Décrire la carte.

Exemple

80% de la diaspora chinoise en Asie

En Serbie, il y a entre 75 et 100 milles chinois, l’une des plus grandes communautés de Belgrade.

Aux États-Unis, alors qu'on en comptait 62 000 en 1900, ils étaient 1,8 million en 1990.
Les Chinatowns font désormais partie des paysages urbains en Amérique du Nord avec plus

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