The next section of the chapter discusses the killing of the LA River. There was a desire and need for flood control, and people also thought that this would create jobs during the depression era. The army corps of engineers was given the go-ahead to change the river into a series of sewers and flood control devices, and in the same period the Santa Monica Bay was nearly wiped out as well by dumping of sewage and irrigation. Next, “Battle of the Valley” discusses the creation of an alternate urbanism with medium density groups of bungalows and garden apartments. The Channel Heights Project was seen as the model democratic community that could be the answer to post war housing needs. San Fernando Valley was to be the first battlefield for old landscape versus new development. Government housing eventually destroyed the agricultural periphery.…
Park, R. (1925) 'The City: Suggestions for the Investigation of Human Behavior in the Urban Environment ' In Park, R. (ed.), Burgess, E., McKenzie, R. D. & Wirth, L. (1925) The City pp. 1-46.…
Slater reminds readers that poor neighborhoods were once thriving but when the white middle class left the city for the suburbs the neighborhoods became impoverished. She includes the fact that though gentrification does have its downsides, the newcomers often bring money and jobs to poverty stricken neighborhoods. The neighborhoods also improve once gentrified, the author uses an example of her own neighborhood. She explains how the neighborhood’s property value tripled and how better businesses moved into the neighborhood. In the article she urges readers to move into poor urban neighborhoods and gentrify. To conclude her article she includes testimonial-like stories of gentrifiers and their contributions to their…
"Bridging the Urban Landscape: Andrew Carnegie: A Tribute." CLPGH.org. The Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh. 13 February 2005…
Jane Addams was undoubtedly one of the most influential and prominent female figures in the United States in the late 1800s and early 1900s. She single handedly changed the face of social reform among poor immigrants living in Chicago during this time period, and was also regarded as a catalyst for influencing positive community relationships between the poor and the wealthy. Although she was the centerpiece of numerous other reforms during this time, her progressive-era ideals on social reform policies and arguments over immigration, labor unions, women’s rights, Americanization, and government regulations revolving around the Hull House in Chicago may stand out most prominently. Addams consistently argued about themes ranging from women’s reforms and women’s activism, to immigrant workforce conditions and violent crimes of the settlement houses. But her agenda on Americanization and integration of the poor immigrants living in the Hull House were the most highly debated and critiqued, as many of these settlement housing programs encouraged and favored Americanization and integration among its residents, essentially squashing the “old world” cultures of the immigrants. But Addams’s settlement house, Hull House, had a much different approach regarding Americanization, integration, and the immigrant’s cultural background. The Hull House was not a medium for Americanization amongst the immigrants, but rather laid a foundation to encourage the immigrants to embrace and conserve their cultures.…
Jacob Riis – slum conditions in cities – 1890 How the Other Half Lives p.665…
To take a look in early life of these women. Delilah and Elijah, parents of Harriet Ann Jacobs. They both deceased in her early years of life. She and her younger brother was left to be raised by their maternal grandmother, Molly Horniblow. Harriet was born in Edenton, North Carolina in the fall of 1813. At the age of six, Harriet was unaware that she was born into slavery and that she was the property of Margaret Horniblow. Before the death of her relatively kind mistress, she was taught how to read, write, and sew. Harriet had hoped to be freed by Margaret, but when Harriet was only eleven, Margaret suddenly died and she was bequeathed to Dr. James Norcom. By willed, she was bided upon a decision that initiated a lifetime of suffering and…
Boston had changed majorly from being the merchant city to the industrial metropolis. The population of people went up about ¾ in 50 years of its physical change. When Boston was a merchant city in 1850, it was tightly packed and crowded, then once it because an industrial metropolis in 1900, it was a spread out to a 10-mile radius, containing 31 cities and towns. The metropolis was created from a partnership of large companies and individual people. The inner part of the Boston was the low-income housing and work. The outer part of the city was for the middle and upper class income housing. Not only were there physical changes in the city, but there were also other changes occurring during the second half of the 19th century that had been brought up from the growth in the city.…
Jane Dee Hull was born in Kansas City, Missouri, on August 8, 1935. Governor Hull is married to Dr. Terry Hull. Dr. Hull practiced medicine in Pheonix for 32 wears and now works as a consultant. Governor Hull and Dr. Hull have four children and eight grandchildren. Governor Hull received a bachelor's degree in elementary education from the University of Kansas and also did postgraduate work in political science and economics at Arizona State University. She is a graduate of the Josephson Ethics Institute.…
How is it possible for one of the wealthiest countries in the world to have such poverty stricken areas with the living conditions of a third-world country? After reading the words of Savage Inequalities by Jonathan Kozol, I was given countless explanations on how deprivation of funds, opportunity and education affect a community in a negative light. The author ventured into the city of East St. Louis, examined the environment and gave readers a first-hand observation of the people who live there. As a reader, one will get an in depth illustration on how negligent politics affect the overall condition of a city that was initially one of the most economically sound cities in America. Many years ago, E. St. Louis was an industrialized city of great opportunity…now lays the abandoned structures that once gave the city financial stability. Kozol informed the audience of how E. St. Louis’ inhabitants have to succumb to the endless problems that come with living in one of the poorest cities in America, and how it affects their everyday lives. Although corrupt politics affect the economy and education systems of this city, adequate leadership would be of great justice to the rehabilitation of E. St. Louis.…
Immensities in technology, such as the electric light, indoor plumbing, and telephones also lured people to the city. The electric light was a highly sought innovation, seen as a “…flood tide of beautiful white light…emitted from the handsome black lamps” (Document B). However advanced the cities may have been in their technology, they had deplorable conditions. Problems in the city included overcrowding, crime, disease, poverty, exploitation, little sanitation, and pollution. “These narrow alley-like streets were one mass of litter. The air was laden with soot and dirt. Ill odors arose from every direction.” (Document H). The perfection of tenants and apartments attempted to alleviate overcrowding by putting as many people as possible into small buildings.…
American cities grew rapidly, partially because of the huge influx in people, which was both a blessing and a curse in a way. The new metropolises provided many sources of entertainment and an enriched cultural life, as well as recreation, but they were very crowded. Many, including immigrants, could only afford to live in tenements, which were unsafe…
Riis, Jacob. "Life in the Tenements of New York City." 1890. Voices of the American Past. Second ed. Vol. 2. Orlando: Harcourt College, 2001. 320-22. Print.…
San Francisco used to be a city defined by sunlight and the cool ocean breeze. However, the sunlight in the city by the bay is now over shadowed by skyscrapers, and the breeze comes not from the sea, but the speed of people evicted from their homes. The radical transformation that San Francisco underwent in the 1990s was the result of rapid gentrification. At one point in time gentrification was equated to “urban rebirth” or “urban pioneers that pushed for “moving back into the city” (Lees 2000). Nowadays gentrification is more closely related to destructive synonyms such as “urban guerrillas” and “class warfare”.…
Chicago - a land of opportunity. Today one might chuckle at the thought, but during the nineteenth century it was very much the case. William Cronan’s Nature’s Metropolis was published in 1991 and still remains one of the greatest books ever written about the city of Chicago. Cronan uses the book to describe the rise of Chicago and how it played a role in the flourishing of economics in the country as a whole; thus, using Chicago as an example of the interconnectedness between city and country. Beyond that however, Cronan’s oxymoron title is descriptive to how Chicago, and our country as a whole, was built from nature.…