Study Figure 1, a photograph of an area in northern Pakistan after a recent earthquake. Using Figure 1 only, comment on the evidence that suggests that an earthquake has recently taken place.…
After independence from the British in 1947, President Mohammad Ali Jinnah’s vision for Pakistan was very clear: he wanted peace, good governance, tolerance and a state able to adhere to a rule of law. Unfortunately, this vision was never transformed into reality; the nation created as a home for the British India’s Muslims six decades ago today represent one of the world most troubling states in crisis (Crisis Guide: Pakistan).Why can’t Pakistan flourish? What makes Pakistan such a weak state?…
According to orthodox historians, Jinnah was central to the partition of India.* He transformed the Muslim League from an elitist, marginally supported party to one of the most influential bodies at the all-India level. He mobilised the Muslims masses and according to Gilmartin, helped them to transcend their provincial divides and focus on a wider cause.* Jinnah accused the Indian National Congress of having a Hindu bias and feared their totalitarianism. He developed the 'Two Nations' theory, which asserted that Hindus and Muslims were two separate nations and should have parity in central and provincial governments. This led to the passing of the Lahore Resolution in March 1940, which orthodox historians highlight as the beginning of his campaign for Pakistan. Jinnah formally asserted that the Muslims were a nation and 'independent states'* should be formed. In June 1940, he published his 'Tentative Proposals,' which repeated his demands for the division of Hindus and Muslims and advocated…
The first fifty-two years of Pakistan’s existence have been unusually eventful, marked by many ups and downs for the country. It is difficult and sometimes impossible to predict what will be the end result of the policy chosen. Yet choices have to be made and decisions taken. Foreign policy is often considered…
When Pakistan was formed in 1947, she needed both economic (due to initial problems) and military (Indian threat) assistance for its survival. In the early 1950’s the US had delineated a program known as Marshal Plan which aimed at the recovery of Europe and extending assistance to various Asian countries. After Partition, Liaqat Ali khan (1st PM) was invited by Soviets and Americans. He chooses sanity over inhumanity and visited US, thus strengthening PAK-US relations. India established relations with Soviets.…
My thanks go to all the individuals who took time to answer my questions during interviews in the UK and Pakistan and to explain and demonstrate their mapping methodologies and outputs to me. I’m especially grateful to OPPRTI and ASB in Pakistan. This report would not have been possible without their professional and dedicated organisation of my itinerary in Karachi and in Faisalabad and Jaranwala and their openness to all my questions and comprehensive explanation of their work. I am also thankful to Roya Jodieri who wrote the Annex describing ASB’s approach to GIS mapping in Jaranwala in more detail.…
1947 was the year Pakistan was founded. Pakistan was built to fulfill the needs of the Muslim community by providing them equality, justice and freedom. However, soon enough it failed to fulfill the promises it had made to its society thus instability, restlessness and wretchedness reigned throughout the nation.…
Muhammad Ali Jinnah is the bright star of the History of Pakistan. He is famous as Quaid-i-Azam. He is called the father of nation. He was born in Karachi on December 25, 1876. He received his early education from Karachi. After matriculation, he was sent to England for higher studies. He qualified from the Lincoln's Inn as a brilliant barrister. On his return to India, he joined the Indian National Congress. He was the greatest supporter of the Hindu-Muslim unity. But the character of certain narrow- minded Hindu leaders disappointed him. So he decided to join Muslim League. After joining Muslim league, he worked very hard for a separate homeland for the Muslims. The Hindus, The British and a section of Muslims opposed him. But he faced every problem bravely. In 1934, he became the president of All India Muslim League. On March 23, 1940, at the historic session of the Muslim League in Lahore, the Pakistan Resolution was passed. The dream of a separate homeland came true on August 14, 1947. Quaid-i-Azam became its first Governor-General. He worked day and night to make Pakistan great and strong. Heavy pressure of work told upon his health and he died in Karachi on September 11, 1948. Leaders like him do not die so he lives in the heart of every Pakistani.…
flew to Beijing and invited China to build a naval base at Gwadar, a Pakistani port…
Quaid-e-Azam Muhammad Ali Jinnah, the Founder of Pakistan and its first Governor General, in a broadcast talk to the people of the USA in February 1948, outlined the following goals of Pakistan’s foreign policy:…
Pakistan had a unique geographical feature. It consisted of two distinct blocks of territory. East Pakistan was not only separated geographically from West Pakistan by one thousand miles, but the departing land was India - a hostile neighbour, who from the day one did not recognise Pakistan’s existence. Hindu leaders gave statements at the time of Pakistan’s creation that it was a temporary division and very soon Pakistan will come into Indian fold again. For them, to execute their nefarious designs, keeping both sides divided and hostile, was the cornerstone of their hostile policy. Jinnah smelled the conspiracy even in 1940s and he had demanded ‘a corridor across India to connect the separated limbs of the new state’. But Mountbatten did not agree.…
Pakistan came into existence on 14th August/1947. The main objectives of this event were to enforce the Sovereignty of Almighty Allah, to enforce Islamic democracy, for the revival of Islamic Image and identity, to protect and preserve Islamic culture and Civilization, and several other. It is as Quaid-e-Azam said, ‘we did not demand Pakistan to acquire a piece of land, but we wanted a homeland where we could introduce Islamic Principles’.…
Pakistan is with America against the Taliban. The effect of this is that the terrorists of Taliban have also started attacking Pakistan. As a result of terrorism, Pakistan has got a bad image and most of the foreigners have stopped visiting or have left this country.…
Pakistani nationalism had taken shape in the minds of the Muslims of the Sub Continent long before Pakistan actually came into existence. An ideology acquired territorial recognition to let the Islamic way of life…
nation. Pakistan has faced varying degrees of religious, ethnic, linguistic, and political problems that are often in conflict with our…