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Motivation in the Workplace

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Motivation in the Workplace
What is Motivation?
–A state of mind, desire, energy or interest that translates into action“
A strong behavioral component
–It leads to action
–Managers can influence motivation
–It is a key to performance

Importance of Motivation
Motivation impacts PERFORMANCE
Performance = Ability x Motivation x Opportunity
–Ability – what a person can do: a competence & skill
–Motivation – interest in doing something include Internal motivation; External motivation
–Opportunity – the set-up, tools, etc.

Job Satisfaction = Motivation to work
Many people equate the two:
Job Satisfaction – an attitude towards work
–Pay, Co-workers,Supervision, Promotion, etc.
Motivation to work = Job Satisfaction + Individual NEEDS
Individual NEEDS: Based on personality and values for things lacking & desired

Individual NEEDS relate to Motivation
1.Motivation Theories based on NEED:
–Maslow‘s pyramide
–McClelland 3 Needs
–McGregor‘s X & Y theory
Almost all early motivation theories are based on NEEDS.

2.Process Theories of Motivation:
–Expectancy theory
–Path-Goal theory
–Equity theory
Needs to not impact work motivation

From Need to Process Theories
Performance = Ability x Opportunity x Motivation to work
Motivation to work = Job Satisfaction + Individual NEEDS
Individual NEEDS combine * –Individual needs * –Cultural/social value based needs
Maslow‘s Hierarchy of Needs: •Self-actualization, Esteem Need, Love and Belonging Needs, Security Need, The physiological Needs
McClellands Three Needs Theory * Need for Achievement: Desire to do things better, like challenges * Need for Power: Want to influence others, very competitive * Need for Affiliation: Social relationships are important, being liked * Effective managers are: Medium – high – low! Culture and Motivation
What motivates people to work depends on the culture.“
How cultures are different is defined in:
–Work by Hall (1976)
–Work by Kluckhohn and
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