Introduction
On March 23, 2010, universal health care finally came to fruition after decades of effort to bring National health insurance (NHI) to Americans. This paper will present a brief summary of the history of health care, the stakeholders involved, the details of the policy process during this last debate, the process models that best exemplify the adoption of universal health care, how it will affect us and how this policy will shape the future of health care.
While health care insurance existed prior to 1900, health care reform efforts actually began in the United States with a series of small bills that set legislative precedent to regulate the delivery of health services at the turn of the 20th century. Nearly every decade since 1910 has included some form of health care reform agenda. Only the 1950’s and ‘80’s lacked a serious health care reform movement. With the adoption of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, America has finally committed to providing access to health care services to nearly all Americans.

During this last contentious debate on health care reform, we witnessed the depth, complexity and scope of the disagreements about how to solve the problems in our health care system. Concerns about controlling health care cost, tax implications, physician reimbursement, establishing levels for subsidized coverage, inclusion of the existing employer-based programs, and prescription costs were only part of the debate that included every facet of the debate on the delivery of health care during the most recent negotiations to adopt a NHI policy. The formal players’ positions, the informal players influence and the impact it will have on America will shed light on why the current policy has been shaped as it has.  
After more than 100 years of debate on the issue, the 2008 presidential campaign brought the issue of NHI back to the forefront of the national discourse. These past few years of political maneuvering, back room... [continues]

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