Gni in Mali

Econ assignment:
Section 2.

Mali is a landlocked country located in Western Africa with limited natural resources and human capital (worldbank.org, 2011). The natives of Mali are directly dependent on their environment for their livelihood with careers in fishing, farming and herding (worldbank.org, 2011). This makes work in Mali especially difficult as they face threats of drought and desertification (worldbank.org, 2011) Workers in Mali only earn approximately   US$1500 annually making it known for being one of the poorest countries in the world (worldbank.org, 2011). Although there has been economic growth programs implemented in Mali, it remains ranked 160th in the world according the UNDP’s human development index (undp.org, 2010). The Human Development Index (HDI) is a comparative measure of life expectancy, literacy, education and standards of living (undp.org). The raw number for Mali’s HDI was 0.309 in 2010 (undp.org, 2010). Comparing Mali to the top ranking country, Norway, whose HDI is 0.938, there is a very obvious discrepancy (undp.org, 2010). This is clear evidence that human well-being in Mali is subpar. Sub-Saharan Africa has a regional HDI of 0.389 making Mali’s development and human well-being fall below the regional average (undp.org, 2010). Even after Mali’s rank has been adjusted for Inequality Human Development Index (IHDI), it still remains ranked at 160th, in spite of the raw HDI value dropping from 0.309 to IHDI of 0.191. This shows there are many inequalities in Mali as they lose over 38% with the adjustment (undp.org, 2011). The average world loss from HDI to IHDI is around 22% and this loss reflects the actual level of human development in the country (undp.org, 2010). The difference in the numbers for Mali is due to inequality in all of the dimensions of HDI. This is very common in Sub-Saharan Africa.

The Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) complements income poverty measures by reflecting the deprivations that a poor person... [continues]

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