Preview

Globalisering: Vredesvorst of Oorlogsgod?

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
2658 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Globalisering: Vredesvorst of Oorlogsgod?
Globalisering: Vredesvorst of Oorlogsgod?

Inleiding

Economie is een van de vele vakgebieden die worden geraakt door globalisering. De economische definitie van dit fenomeen is marktintegratie, oftewel het kleiner worden van prijsverschillen binnen staten door toenemende internationale handel.
Economen stellen zich al een tijd de vraag: Leidt deze marktintegratie tot meer of minder gewapende conflicten tussen staten? In dit artikel zal ik niet proberen hier een antwoord op te geven. Wel zal ik de controverse rondom dit vraagstuk schetsen, waarbij ik de twee grote (en tegengestelde) visies en één alternatieve visies uitlicht. Vervolgens zal ik beargumenteren waarom de beantwoording van dit vraagstuk niet beperkt moet worden tot de economische visie.

Het debat

Het debat over de invloed van marktintegratie op gewapend conflict groeit op oude wortels . De eerste 20e eeuwse stellingname in dit debat kunnen wij toeschrijven aan Norman Angell. In zijn The Great Illusion (1912) poogt hij aannemelijk te maken dat oorlog in tijden van grote economische afhankelijkheid een "erg onwaarschijnlijk gebeurtenis van collectieve irrationaliteit" is. De achterliggende gedachte was dat marktintegratie een pacificerend effect zal hebben vanwege de hoge economische kosten van conflicten. Deze opvatting werd onderdeel van het liberale gedachtengoed, welke de komende decennia de toon zou zetten in het economische denken. Hirschman wordt genoemd als eerste criticus van deze visie. Hij was de eerste, in 1945, die de negatieve gevolgen uitlichtte van assymetrische marktintegratie (handelsbanden die niet voor beide partijen even voordelig zijn). Zijn visie werd verder uitgewerkt door ‘dependency' en neo-Marxistische theoretici. "Zij benadrukken dat handel niet altijd netto voordeel oplevert en netto juist kosten kan meebrengen" Barbieri refereert hieraan als de ‘sceptische visie'. Ten slotte hebben ‘realistici' van oudsher de opvatting dat "de invloed van handel ondergeschikt is

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    Globalisation

    • 321 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Economic troubles in Brazil caused Rip Curl to purchase half the capital of Brazilian licensee.…

    • 321 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    Globalisation

    • 1157 Words
    • 5 Pages

    The business world is becoming increasingly global. As a result of this, many companies, such as Costa Coffee and Dyson, have changed their strategies in relation to the markets they target or where they produce. Does the increasingly global nature of business mean that all organisations need to change their strategies significantly to achieve higher profits? Justify your answer with reference to Costa Coffee, Dyson and/or other organisations that you know.…

    • 1157 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Scholte briefly examines six differing theoretical approaches to explaining globalization – what are they? What is the central theme of each?…

    • 2377 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Best Essays

    The purpose of this applied concept paper is to link some keys terms from our required course text with relevant current events in the business world. This document will better enable me to understand…

    • 2912 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Globalisation

    • 1272 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Neil Kokemuler, How Does Globalization Affect the Way a Company Does Business? Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/info_8678424_globalization-affect-way-company-business.html#ixzz2QqItJ2E4…

    • 1272 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Globalization - Wikiwiki

    • 1103 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Humans have interacted over long distances for thousands of years. The overland Silk Road that connected Asia, Africa, and Europe is a good example of the transformative power of translocal exchange that existed in the "Old World". Philosophy, religion, language, the arts, and other aspects of culture spread and mixed as nations exchanged products and ideas. In the 15th and 16th centuries, Europeans made important discoveries in their exploration of the oceans, including the start of transatlantic travel to the "New World" of the Americas. Global movement of people, goods, and ideas expanded significantly in the following centuries. Early in the 19th century, the development of new forms of transportation (such as the steamship and railroads) and telecommunications that "compressed" time and space allowed for increasingly rapid rates of global interchange.[9] In the 20th century, road vehicles, intermodal transport, and airlines made transportation even faster. The advent of electronic communications, most notably mobile phones and the Internet, connected billions of people in new ways by the 2010s.…

    • 1103 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Better Essays

    Globalisation

    • 1912 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Globalisation is basically the operation, integration, and competitiveness of organisations in the economy on a worldwide scale. Rather than being nationally confined, the activities of these organisations are more self-governing. Globalisation affects the nature of business ethics and social obligations. As large organisations embrace a more global viewpoint, it shall have an important impact on the wider setting of organizational behavior and management (Mullins and Christy, 2013: 22).…

    • 1912 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Globalisation

    • 1673 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Currently in international circles there is a great debate over globalisation and whether it is a force for good or bad. The statement oversimplifies the matter, of course. But the issue of globalisation and our collective response to it promises to define who prospers and who does not well into the 21st century.…

    • 1673 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    The USA, the country which had been an importer of influences has become in the twentieth century a major exporter of them. The whole world imports products and services from the USA. The majority of the world’s best known celebrities are from the USA. In many areas of life, American popular tastes and attitudes have conquered the world. The United States became the first nation in history to build its way of life. Culturally, Americans are in between “affective” and “neutral” cultures – in some ways they are more open and in other ways they are more reserved. However, the Americans tend to show feelings more, they show how they feel quite openly – when they are happy, or when they are angry. Over 60% would express anger openly in a work or formal situations.…

    • 2957 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Marxism and Functionalism can be described as 'modernist' theories in society that first emerged in western Europe from about the late 18th century following the industrial revolution and the mass industrialisation of the western world. The ability to mass produce following Fordism and the start of a global market. Postmoderists - Whoms name dervives from a style of arcutecture that used a combination of both old and modern materials in order to achieve the best result. Believe that society is comprised of social constructs and that there is no "Absolute truth" Instead all of societies functions are constructed and continuously moulded by man. a) the rejection of the concept of western history as 'progress' which was there in the sociologies of both functionalism and marx, Postmodernity offers the rejection of 'The grand narrative' or "Meta-Narrative which is replaced by a more dispersed and discontinous set of narratives this means the shift from structuralism (in both Marx and his cocnept of the pol-ec structural base affecting the cultural supersturcture- and functionalism) to post structuralis. The rejection of the concept of science and rationalism as leading to 'truth' about the social world which have been replaced by the model of sociology as always open to both falsification and subjectively based biases in the ideas that are chosen. Weber in particular saw the change to modernity as "The triumph of scientific rationality over the suspersition, tradtion and religious faiths" Postmoderinity is said to be what follows Modernity which is normally assosiated which the Age of Enlightenment, Postmodernity differs from modernity in many ways, Modernists tend to be more objective and invest in an optimistic and stable view of society whereas Postmodernists reject science as a means to an answer and instead subsitute more subjective means of research.Rorty (1980) - scientists have replaced priests as the sources of truth. Science merely helps us answer questions…

    • 1418 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    globalisation

    • 610 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Globalisation brings both benefits and problems to different groups of both the developing and developed world. One benefit of globalisation is the evidence of consumer prices being reduced worldwide. This has a positive effect on the finance of people especially in developing countries, as more people are able to afford to buy both essential and non-essential products without denting their income. However for companies supplying these products they are making less profit, therefore they are more likely to move their factories aboard to countries where people are willing to work for less and have poor human rights policies.…

    • 610 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Globalisation

    • 895 Words
    • 3 Pages

    . Lyon describes how globalisation has increased the movements of ideas and beliefs across national boundaries. Due to the central role played by postmodern society by the media and information technology, which saturate us with images and messages from around the globe. These ideas have become disembedded, for example the electronic church and televangelism disembed religion from the real, local churches and relocated it on the internet allowing believers to express their faith without physically attending church. Lyon describes a harvest day crusade held not in church but at Disneyland as an example of how the boundaries between different areas of social life become blurred in postmodern society. As a result religion becomes de- institutionalised, being removed from their original location in the church, they become a cultural resource that individuals can adapt for their own purposes. y. According to Lyon we have become religious consumers making conscious choices about which elements of religion we find useful. An effect of this is having a great variety of religious products to choose from is a loss of faith in Meta narratives. Now people have access to a wide range of different and competing versions of the truth and therefore…

    • 895 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Het gevolg van Division of Labour en de Specialization was dat bijna niemand meer zelfstandig was. Men kon niet meer maken wat hij maar wilde consumeren. Er vonden uitwisselingen plaats op een markt. Uitwisselingen worden in de economie ook wel transacties genoemd. Er zijn twee soorten coördinatiemechanismen voor de transacties: de markt…

    • 8702 Words
    • 35 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Best Essays

    In den letzten zehn Jahren kam der Begriff Globalisierung auf. Darunter versteht man den über Jahrhunderte andauernden Prozess fortwährenden Veränderungen von internationalen Handelsstrukturen. Heute umfasst Globalisierung nicht nur den internationalen Warenaustausch, sondern auch die globalen Finanzströme, den Austausch von Kulturen, den Informations- und Kommunikationsfluss und Dienstleistungen im Allgemeinen. Neu ist die Tatsache, dass der internationale Austausch von Kapital eine noch nie da gewesene Größenordnung erreicht hat, die zu kontrollieren unmöglich zu sein scheint.…

    • 2031 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Best Essays

    Globalisation

    • 1746 Words
    • 7 Pages

    In an era of Globalisation, society interconnects each nation in regards to the concept of a 'Free Market ' where nations are united within fundamental methods and practices to circulate the economy such as trade, markets, products, resources and culture. Despite this inter-connection and quarrel that governments have against the ideology of Globalisation, disputes still continue whether Globalisation is an advantage or disadvantage. This paper will briefly illustrate information about the underlining question 'is government more rather than less important in an era of Globilisation? '. The main points will revolve around the global economy policies, privatisation and deregulation within arguments that revolve around tariffs and policies that governments indent into the global economy.…

    • 1746 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Best Essays