General Biology Lecture notes

Metabolism
Before class, skim the chapter and fill in the sections in bold italics.

Definitions:
Metabolism (Concept 8.1)

Energy (Concept 8.1)

Catalyst (Concept 8.4)

I. Energy in a Biological Context:

II. Chemical Reactions
Review chemical reactions in Ch.2 Concept 2.4.

Define:
Reactants

Products

Chemical equilibrium

A. Equilibrium

B. Energy in chemical reactions: Concept 8.3

C. Making chemical reactions go

III. Enzymes: Concept 8.4

A. How enzymes work 1. speed up reaction

2. equilibrium

3. shape determines specificity

4. the process a.

b.

c.

d.

B. Conditions that affect enzymes 1. substrate amount

2. enzyme amount

3. temperature

4. pH

5. helpers

6. effectors

7. cooperativity

C. Metabolism Control: Concept 8.5
In an enzymatic pathway, A, B, C, and D are chemical compounds and 1, 2, and 3 are enzymes that catalyze the designated reactions in a Shoe Factory:

1 2 3 A ------------- B --------------- C --------------- D leather shoe parts shoes packed shoes Now shoe sales are dropping and backpack sales are increasing. As a result, the manager of the factory decides to switch production from shoes to backpacks. Where should the shoe-making process be shut down: step 1, 2, or 3?

Homework:

1. Manage your class notes.
Pay special attention to: Learning to know and use new vocabulary words.
Examples of “themes” from day 1, such as emergent properties, energy, and structure/function, plus protein structure.

2. Use Chapter 8 Optional Review in Mastering Biology before noon Friday (test day).

3. Prepare for the next class. Skim the next assigned chapter. Complete the “Before class” section