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Freemark Abbey Winery

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Freemark Abbey Winery
UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNOLOGICA CENTROAMERICANA

FACULTAD DE POSTGRADO MAESTRIA EN ADMINISTRACIÓN DE PROYECTOS

GESTIÓN DE RIESGOS E INTEGRACIÓN DE PROYECTOS

CASO No. 3 FREEMARK ABBEY WINERY

PRESENTADO POR KARLA ALVARENGA – 10943107

ING. NANCY M. PEREZ DE PINEDA

TEGUCIGALPA, M.D.C. 02 DE JUNIO DEL 2010.

1. ARBOLES DE DECISIÓN

Gran parte del proceso de gestionar riesgos tiene que ver con mirar al futuro e intentar entender lo que puede pasar y si tiene importancia. Una técnica importante cuantitativa que puede ser útil es el análisis del árbol de decisión. Se ha pasado por alto en los últimos años pero ahora está experimentando algo como un resurgimiento. Alguna gente cree que debe reservarse para decisiones estratégicas y otros consideran la técnica como compleja y difícil. Pero en el fondo es algo bastante sencillo y se puede aplicar en muchas situaciones diferentes donde haya incertidumbre.

El método del árbol de decisión reconoce que hay dos factores importantes que afectan el futuro – la elección y casualidad. Y al evaluar éstos tenemos que considerar dos parámetros – costos consecuencias.

Estos cuatro elementos forman la base del análisis del árbol de decisión:
• El primer paso en construir un árbol de decisión es identificar las opciones que tenemos que elegir para realizar nuestros objetivos. Estas elecciones forman las ramas del árbol. Por ejemplo, ‘fabricar o comprar’, ‘hacerlo dentro de la empresa o fuera’, ‘por la vía rápida o tradicional’, método innovador o de eficacia probada’, ‘distribuidor A o B’, ‘de mucha o poca prioridad’. Cada una de estas decisiones lleva a diferentes resultados, señalados en el árbol de decisión usando los otros tres elementos.

• El factor más sencillo asociado con opciones diferentes es costo, lo que incluye el costo de implementación y el costo de oportunidad. En algunos casos esto puede ser negativo, señalando un ahorro. Pero

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