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INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY




    ❑ ORIGIN

    ❑ Comes from two Greek words:

        ◦ Psyche = soul

        ◦ Logos = study

        ◦ Psychology = study of the soul (later of the mind

    ❑ Psychology = scientific study of behavior and mental processes

    ❑ Scientific = observation, description   and experimental investigation to gather information.

    ❑ Child of two parents

        ◦ Philosophy – pursuit of wisdom through logical reasoning

        ◦ Physiology – study of vital life processes of an organism, such as respiration, digestion and reproduction.

    ❑ HISTORICAL BACKGROUND

    ❑ Psychology reaches back to ancient times which philosophers and religious leaders were asking questions about human nature and   trying to explain human behavior.

        ◦   Stanley Hall l   awarded first Ph.D. in psychology.

              ← first president of American psychological association.

        ◦   William James   offered first course in experimental psychology at Harvard university

              ← Founder of functionalism

              ← The first great American psychologist

    ←   Wilhelm Wundt   founded first laboratory for psychological research at Leipzig, Germany.

        ◦ Founder of structuralism

        ◦ Father of   experimental psychology.

        ◦   Beverly Inez Prosser   first black woman to earn Ph.D. in psychology

        ◦   Francis Sumner – first American (black) to earn Ph.D. in psychology

        ◦   Aristotle   – one of the earliest writers to devote attention to psychology.

              ←   father of psychology

    ←   Hippocrates   – the father of medicine

        ← – argues for four temperaments of personality.

        ◦   Rene Descartes   – father of reflex action

        ◦ Describes animal spirits




        ◦   St. Augustine   – father of   introspection

    ←   John Locke – knowledge comes through experiences and interactions with the world.

        ← Mind is a blank slate, or a tabula rasa

    ←   B. F.... [continues]

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