Preview

Exposure of the Accounting Profession to Increasing Liability

Best Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1710 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Exposure of the Accounting Profession to Increasing Liability
|Francis Marion University |
|Exposure of the Accounting Profession To Increasing Liability |
|Response of the Profession |
| |
| Kim Taylor |
|4/30/2010 |

|This research paper discusses the causes for the increase of exposure of the accounting profession to liability from the early scandals of the|
|decade to the expectations gap. It also discusses some of the professions responses, ideas, and actions in its attempts to deal with this |
|effectively. |

There are many reasons why has the auditor’s exposure to liability has been increasing. Through a succession of major scandals, the accounting profession began to be judged severely. Arthur Anderson in 2002 disappeared after Enron collapsed in 2001 as the largest American bankruptcy case ever at the time. The company disclosed that a major portion of its debt was omitted from its balance sheet on in the company’s audited financial statements. Then came the alarming admission from Andersen that its accountants had participated in destroying audit documents after Andersen had expressed the contention of Enron withholding critical financial information from its auditors.



References: Bloom, R. (2005). ‘The Future of the Accounting Profession’ Report. CPA Journal,75l(11), 6-9. Retrieved April 14, 2010 from Business Source Premier database. Zhang, P. (2007). The Impact of the Public’s Expectations of Auditors on Audit Quality and Auditing Standards Compliance. Contemporary Accounting Research, 24(2)631-654. Retrieved April 14, 2010 from Business Source Premier database. Shean, T. (2002, Jan 14) Enron Scandal Brings Auditors’ Accountability into Question. The Virginian-Pilot, Retrieved April 14, 2010 from General BusinessFile ASAP database. Opening the books. (2006) Economist, 381, (8503), 86-86. Retrieved April 14, 2010 from Academic Search Premier database. Luke, R. (2002, June 27). WorldCom Scandal: Accounting: Big Troubles ‘Just Keep Coming’. The Atlanta Journal-Constitution, p. D3. Retrieved April 14, 2010 from Infotrac General Business File ASAP database. MacDonald, E. (2006). Don’t Blame Us. Forbes, 177.(4), 38. Retrieved April 14, 2010 from Academic Search Premier database. Sally, P. (2010) Auditors Need To Do More, Says FRC Chief. Accounting, 145(1399), 5. Retrieved April 14, 2010 from Business Source Premier database.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Better Essays

    Enron: Tone at the Top

    • 1288 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The fall of Enron is not just one of the largest bankruptcies in U.S. history, but in my opinion, a landmark case study of the lack of business ethics in an organization. Enron’s downfall, along with the demise of Arthur Andersen, one of the largest public accounting firms at the time, brought about a swift change in U.S. regulations governing how publicly traded companies reported their financials. While the top brass at Enron pled ignorance to the fact that they had no control of what was happening at the employee level, there was ample evidence that they were indeed, the architects behind the series of unethical practices that went on in the organization.…

    • 1288 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    In the beginning years of the new century a series of huge corporate frauds predominated the business sections and front pages of dominant newspapers, shaking public confidence in the integrity of corporate America. Those scandals also raise serious questions about the integrity, acuity and prudence of business leaders and accountants who structure and document business transactions, approve required financial disclosures, and, in the case of accountants, certify the accuracy of required reports (Enrione, Mazza, & Zerboni, 2006).…

    • 766 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    This paper will define the corporate scandals of the past decade using Enron and their auditors Arthur Andersen as a case study. The paper will focus on the financial statement misrepresentation involving Enron and their auditors. The paper will further define the effects that these scandals…

    • 3268 Words
    • 14 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Chapter One

    • 5480 Words
    • 22 Pages

    The “crisis of credibility” largely arose from the number of companies that restated their previously issued financial statements as a result of accounting irregularities and fraud. Especially responsible were the very visible Enron and WorldCom fraud cases. Both companies filed for bankruptcy and constituted the largest companies in American history to do so. The extent of the accounting irregularities and fraud being investigated and disclosed brought into question the effectiveness of financial statement audits. In addition, the criminal conviction of Arthur Andersen, LLP, one of the then Big 5 accounting firms, on charges of destroying documents related to the Enron case brought into question the ethical standards of the profession.…

    • 5480 Words
    • 22 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Best Essays

    Ethics in Accounting

    • 1406 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Enofe, A. (2010). Reaping the fruits of evil: how scandals help reshape the accounting profession. International Journal Of Business, Accounting, & Finance, 4(2), 53-69…

    • 1406 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Best Essays

    The opening years of the twenty-first century were very challenging to the US economy. Not only the stock market reached one of the lowest levels since the crisis of 1930, but also several high profile corporate scandals shook the public trust. Insider trading, fraudulent financial reporting and other illegal practices caused investors to question reliability and integrity of the publically traded companies. Every week brought different news on misrepresentations at major American corporations and financial institutions. As soon as the report of accounting fraud at Enron reached public, media revealed similar scandals at WorldCom, Tyco and number of other publically traded companies. Improper revenue recognition, incorrectly recorded expenses, and other practices to manipulate financial statements along with briberies to auditors for covering the fraud caused the biggest concern. Investors could no longer rely on financial data presented by the management of those companies. Also auditors lost their reputation as they failed to perform an independent audit of the companies involved in the scandal. Arthur Andersen, the biggest Accounting firm at the time, is the best example of how lack of professional skepticism, ethics and integrity can literally destroy an accounting firm. In response to those issues, the congress took an action, and in 2002 Sarbanes and Oxley Act was passed. In July that year, the president George W. Bush signed the act and called it “the most far-reaching reform of American business practices since the time of Franklin Delano Roosevelt.” The reforms benefit the American economy in many ways, including restored investor confidence in the integrity of the capital markets, enhanced corporate disclosures, more regulated and strict accounting and auditing standards, increased emphasis on business…

    • 3147 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Accounting, Fraud

    • 2038 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Throughout the past several years major corporate scandals have rocked the economy and hurt investor confidence. The largest bankruptcies in history have resulted from greedy executives that “cook the books” to gain the numbers they want. These scandals typically involve complex methods for misusing or misdirecting funds, overstating revenues, understating expenses, overstating the value of assets or underreporting of liabilities, sometimes with the cooperation of officials in other corporations (Medura 1-3). In response to the increasing number of scandals the US government amended the Sarbanes Oxley act of 2002 to mitigate these problems. Sarbanes Oxley has extensive regulations that hold the CEO and top executives responsible for the numbers they report but problems still occur. To ensure proper accounting standards have been used Sarbanes Oxley also requires that public companies be audited by accounting firms (Livingstone). The problem is that the accounting firms are also public companies that also have to look after their bottom line while still remaining objective with the corporations they audit. When an accounting firm is hired the company that hired them has the power in the relationship. When the company has the power they can bully the firm into doing what they tell them to do. The accounting firm then loses its objectivity and independence making their job ineffective and not accomplishing their goal of honest accounting (Gerard). Their have been 379 convictions of fraud to date, and 3 to 6 new cases opening per month. The problem has clearly not been solved (Ulinski).…

    • 2038 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Sarbanes-Oxley Act

    • 2066 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Reinstein, Alan and Thomas R. Weirich. "Accounting issues at Enron." The CPA Journal. 72. 12. (2002): 21+.…

    • 2066 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Enron Case

    • 650 Words
    • 3 Pages

    With Enron, the responsibility and blame started with Enron’s executives, Kenneth Lay, Jeffrey Skilling, and Andrew Fastow. Their goal was to make Enron into the world’s greatest company. To make this goal a reality, they created a company culture that encouraged “rule breaking” and went so far as to “discourage employees from reporting and investigating ethical lapses and questionable business dealings” (Knapp, 2010, p. 14). They insisted the employees use aggressive and illegal accounting procedures.…

    • 650 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Best Essays

    Accountant Responsibility

    • 2438 Words
    • 10 Pages

    Chaffee, N. (1988). THE ROLE AND RESPONSIBILITY OF ACCOUNTANTS IN TODAY 'S SOCIETY. Journal of Corporation Law, 14(3), 863. Retrieved from Business Source Complete database.…

    • 2438 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Better Essays

    As the chief legislative counsel for an accounting industry, we believe that the privity approach is the best way to regulate the accounting profession in terms of liability in the state of Texas. It is necessary that a contractual relationship or in the least a direct connection be evident between an auditor and a non-client in order for that auditing firm to be liable for any damages done unto the third party. In the Ultramares v. Touche case, the judges found that a liability arose out of a duty that Touche, the accounting firm, owed to the non-client, Ultramares. Touche certified that their client, for whom they were performing the audit, was solvent when in fact it was not. In the case, it is pointed out that Touche knew their client was borrowing at large sums and required “certified balance sheets for continuing existing loans and securing new loans” (Ultramares). However, the auditors did not explicitly know all of the parties who would be relying on these statements. It would be prudent for non-clients relying on a company’s financial statements to contact the auditing firm so that the auditors know the non-client will be relying on them. This would help the auditors not only make a more adequate measurement of risk, but also allow them to give a more qualified opinion by allowing them to focus on those areas the non-clients will be relying on. In Landell v. Lybrand, it was found that accountants falsely reported financial information for their client and, consequently, were being sued by a party who had purchased stock in that company. The court decided, however, that since the auditors had no knowledge of the stock purchaser, a duty was not owed (Landell). Many frivolous lawsuits would arise if accountants were liable to anyone who relied on a client’s financial statements. This would clog the system with unnecessary costs and time demanding proceedings. Judge Finch’s dissent on the Ultramares case states, “If the accountant is to be held to an…

    • 2370 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Behind Closed Doors

    • 14478 Words
    • 58 Pages

    To the extent possible, this case uses the actual "voices" of participants to gain an…

    • 14478 Words
    • 58 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Arthur Andersen (AA) contributed to the Enron disaster when it has failed to the management by failing to have Enron establish and enforce its own internal control. There has been flaws to AA‘s internal control. There has been assumption that AA partners were too motivated by revenue recognition thus, overlooking several criteria when providing their services to Enron. Additionally, AA also recognised the retention of audit clients as vital and a loss of any clients would be disadvantaged to an auditor’s career. In AA internal control, the person who is able to make most of the decisions is the person who is most concerned about the revenue or losses of the client’s company. Therefore, in regards to the auditors standing up to the management or to the client has become unclear. AA was the only firm in the “Big 5” to allow the partner in charge of the audit to override a ruling of the quality control partner. All auditors have a fiduciary duty to provide reasonable assurance of detecting material misstatements in the financial report arising from fraud and error, and are responsible to the shareholders of the company being audited and not to the company. AA also contributed to the disaster by destroying and shredding of Enron audit papers, which are evidence to the disaster and which also covered deficiencies. This obstruction of justice had led to formal charges of obstructions of justice and jail sentence. Another big factor of contribution to this disaster is the approval of the structure of Special Purpose Entities (SPEs) that were used to generate false profits, hide losses and keep any unfavourable information out of Enron’s consolidated financial statements.…

    • 679 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    According to federal laws accountants can be criminally liable for violating certain federal and state securities laws and for other law violations. The Enron scandal, revealed in October 2001 led to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 with new rules on auditor independence, Enron was attributed as the biggest audit failure at that time; the creation of the board of public company accounting oversight, corporate governance and certification requirements, whistleblower protection, statutes of limitations widespread and more severe penalties. Sarbanes-Oxley act also increased the accountability of auditing firms to remain unbiased and independent of their clients, meaning that accounts can be also prosecute for their clients crimes…

    • 2809 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Auditing Scandal

    • 580 Words
    • 3 Pages

    • For this assignment, you are required to research and report back on one of four well known scandals that involve auditors in some way.…

    • 580 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays