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Export Business Marketing Plans
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Tradeshows are becoming of more importance in many organizational communications mix. Behind advertising, tradeshows account for one fifth of total marketing communications budget in the US and approximately one-fourth of the budget for European firms (Gopalakrishna, Lilien, Williams & Sequeira, 1995 & Jacobson, 1990). This report will analyze why tradeshows are becoming a more utilized marketing tool and how it contributes to achieving organizational objectives. The analysis will be broken up into two major sections, the first will analyze the strategic significance of trade shows for sustainable competitive advantage and the latter half will explore the guidelines to exhibiting a good trade show.

There are two main types of trade shows that organizations can participate in, and these are horizontal and vertical. A horizontal trade show exhibits a wide variety of products. An example of this is the Hamburg Fair, which exhibits everything in consumer and industrial goods. The other is vertical trade show, which is product specific; it may be limited; for example, to medical, computer or electronics. Electronica is an example of a vertical trade show held each year in Munich to display the latest electronics (Kane, 1989).

According to the Trade Show Bureau (TSB) (1994), the number of tradeshows exhibited in USA and Canada between 1989 and 1994 grew from 3289 – 4316, the number of attendees rose from 60 – 85 million and the number of companies from 1.0 –1.3 million. The TSB projects a 35% growth in trade show activities for the late nineties to the early 2000’s for the US and Canada and 15% for Asia (Chowdhury, 1998). In 1994, the TSB estimated that over USD 53 billions were spent directly on trade shows and this excluded planning costs and overhead allocations. Kerin & Cron (1987) predicts that most corporate firms will allocate up to 25% or more of their average annual advertising and sales promotion budgets to this



References: Ansoff, I. & McDonnel, E., 1990, Implanting Strategic Management, 2nd Ed, McGraw Hill, USA Atkins, M. & Lowe, J., 1994, Stakeholders and the strategy formation process in small and medium enterprises, International Small Business Journal, Vol 12, Number3, pp12 –25 Bartlett, C.A. & Ghoshal, S., 2000, Going Global; Lessons from Late Movers, Harvard Business Review, MarchApril Edition, p132 – 142 Berman, H., 1992, Trade Secrets: How to create a strategy for maximizing face-to-face exposure at trade shows, Folio: the Magazine for Magazine Management, Vol 21,Issue 9, pp 73 –76 Bendow, B., 1992, Evaluating Trade Promotions, International Trade Forum, July-September Edition, pp 12 – 20 Birley, S., 1985, “The Role of Networks in the Entrepreneurial Process”, Journal of Business Venturing, Vol Birley, S., and Westhead, P., 1990, “Growth and Performance Contrasts Between `types ' of Small Firms”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol Bellizzi, J.A. & Lipps, D.J., 1984, “Managerial Guidelines for Trade Show Effectiveness,” Industrial Marketing Management, Vol 13, pp 49-52 Bracker, J. S., and Pearson, J. N., 1986, “Planning and Financial Performance of Small, Mature Firms”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol Braziller, C., 1993, Trade shoe tactics, Computing Canada, Volume 19, Issue 9, pp 9 Brooks, J., 2000, 5 reason why Exhibiting is a Must, Potentials, Vol 33, pp 12. Bryant, S., 1994, Making a Stand on Quality, Marketing, March Edition, pp 32. Bonoma, T.V., 1983, “Get More Out of Trade Shows,” Harvard Business Harvard Business School Press, Boston MA. Clarkson, M.B.E., 1995, "A Stakeholder Framework for Analyzing and Evaluating Corporate Social Performance," Academy of Management Review Vol 20, Issue 1, pp 92-117. Cleaver, J., 1982, “You don’t have to be a Star in this Show,” Advertising Age, Vol 53, June Edition, pp 10 –15. Chowdhury, J., 1998, Adapting to Adversity: The Shows Still Go On, Chemical Engineering, Vol 105, Issue 11, pp 82-86. Cobb, R., 1992, Risks in Going Public, Marketing, April Edition, pp 30-32 Cobb, R., 1993, Putting on a Good Show, Marketing, April Edition, pp 35. Cullen, J.B., 1999, Multinational Management: A Strategic Approach, South- Western, Ohio. Darby, I., 1998, Standards to deliver: Trade Exhibits, Marketing, January Edition, pp 23-26. de Costa, R., 1995, Making Your Image Stand to Attention, Marketing, Bulte, C., 1997, Generalizing About Trade Show Effectiveness: A Cross-National Comparison, Journal of Marketing, Vol 61, pp 55 – 64. Fletcher, R Do Trade Shows Pay Off? Journal of Marketing, Vol 59, July Edition, pp 75-83. Hill, C.W.L., 1997, International Business: Competing in the Global Jacobson, D., 1990, “Marketers Say They’ll Boost Spending,” Business Marketing, Vol 75, March edition, pp 31-32 Jarillo, J. C., 1988, “On Strategic Networks”, Strategic Management Journal, Vol Kane, W.F., 1989, Trade fairs, shows: good tools to build international markets, Business America, Volume 110, Issue 14, pp 5-7 Kerin R.A. & Cron, W.L, 1997, Assessing Trade Show Functions and Performance: An Exploratory Study, Journal of Marketing, Vol 51, July Ed, pp 87-94 Marken, G.A., 1995, Trade Show PR- emphasize show and substance, Public Relations Quarterly, Winter Edition, Vol 40, Issue 4, pp 45 –49 Miles, R., and Snow, C. 1992, “Causes of Failure in Network Organizations”, California Management Review, Summer Edition.

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