Preview

Erik Erikson

Better Essays
Open Document
Open Document
1096 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Erik Erikson
Erik Erickson

1902-1994

Psychology has had many contributors to its advances by famous psychologist, one of them being Erik Erikson. Erikson was born on June 15, 1905 in Frankfurt, Germany and died May 12, 1994 of old age.He was an only child raised by a Jewish mother and his stepfather. He married Joan Erikson and had three kids named Kai T. Erikson, who now is a noted American sociologist, Jon Erikson, an American long distance swimmer, and Sue Erikson , who is a psychotherapist in private practice. His wife, Joan Erikson, was also a psychologist

Before he was even born, Erikson’s mother separated from his biological father. She then remarried a physician, Dr. Theodor Homberger. This fact was kept a secret from Erikson for many years and when he learned the truth about Homberger not being his biological father it made him ponder on who he really was. This rose his speculation on identity and how it was formed. Being a “Nordic”, tall, blonde, and blue-eyed, he was often teased and came to be rejected from grammar school due to his Jewish background. All these factors and experiences in his life led him to the field of psychoanalytic. Erikson spent time observing the cultural life of the Sioux of the south Dakota and the Yurok of northern California , from this he learned about the cultural environment , this contributed to his psychoanalytic theory. His findings contributed to our understanding of personality and the way it is developed of life. His theory also pertains to children and the way they act, “You see a child play, and it is so close to seeing an artist paint, for in play a child says things without uttering a word. You can see how he solves his problems. You can also see what's wrong. Young children, especially, have enormous creativity, and whatevers in them rises to the surface in free play” he was quoted in The New York Times obituary. He was also turning more

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    However, whereas Freud was an id psychologist who articulated the stages of psychosexual development and attributed behavior to “libido”, Erikson was an ego psychologist who talked about the stages of psychosocial development. Specifically Erikson claimed that a human has to go through eight stages during his/her life in order to complete his development. Each stage poses a number of challenges that have to be confronted successfully. These challenges are a conflict between his or her biological forces and sociocultural forces.…

    • 80 Words
    • 1 Page
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Best Essays

    “Erik Erikson 's theory of psychosocial development is one of the best-known theories of personality in psychology. Much like Sigmund Freud, Erikson believed that personality develops in a series of stages. Unlike Freud 's theory of psychosexual stages, Erikson 's theory describes the impact of social experience across the whole lifespan” (Cherry, 2014). Although there were other psychologists such as Sigmund Freud and Jean Piaget who had their own developmental theory, the one who I identify best with is Erik Erikson. After speaking with my parents from what they both remember I seem to hit all my developmental milestones without problems or…

    • 3136 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Best Essays
  • Good Essays

    In their article, Bograd and McCollum examine the work of Erikson, a great analyst of children and a developmental theorist.The authors present four sections that mirror Erikson’smain theoretical passions: psychoanalysis, human development, children, leaders and moral matters. Erikson social theory discusses about the stages of human development and the impact of culture and society on the developmental process. Erikson talks about identity crisis among the adolescents, as they try to evaluate, identify and select what they want for their future. Erikson theory also talks about the stages of life. As a child develops, he/she passes through several developmental stages, with each stage determining the future of the child. The author also says that Erikson had challenged the notion that personality is a set of phenomena from childhood. To prove he was right, Erikson offered an elaborate description of the stages that the development of emotion grows throughout the life span of a person. The authors seem…

    • 1681 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Leif Eriksson

    • 1116 Words
    • 5 Pages

    Leif Eriksson was the explorer of the millennium. As the leader of Viking expeditions, he was the first European to set foot in the New World, 500 years before Christopher Columbus. He opened a new land rich with resources for the Vikings to explore. Leif started the first European settlement of Greenland in 985. But for some unknown reason, the Vikings only made a few voyages to the New World after Leif. This unfortunately caused his discovery to remain unknown to nearly all of Europe.…

    • 1116 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Erik Erikson was a psychological pioneer well thought out before his time. Instead of dealing in psychosexual stages, he was discussing work in terms of psychosocial stages. Heavily influence by Freud and believing that personality played a huge part in the conflict within the ego itself, Erikson was the first ego psychologist.…

    • 635 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    Freud believed that the human child is born with natural instincts and drives. The relationship that the caregivers had with the child has a major impact on how this child developed into a mature adult. Erikson’s psychosocial stages are also directly related to the caregiver’s responses to the child.…

    • 946 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Good Essays

    erikson

    • 347 Words
    • 2 Pages

    Erikson’s eight stages of psychosocial development behaviors that may be associated with healthy and unhealthy expressions of the self’s development and ego boundary growth during Erikson’s first five development and ego boundary growth during Erikson’s first five psychosocial stages. Infancy (1st year) Trust vs. Mistrust If needs are met, infant develops a sense of basic trust Outward signs of Healthy Growth I. Expressions of Trust 1. invests in relationships 2. open, non-suspicious attitudes 3. lets mother go 4. welcomes touching 5. good eye contact 6. shares self and possessions Outward signs of Unhealthy Growth I. Expressions of Mistrust 1. avoids relationship 2. suspicious, closed, guarded 3. unwilling to let mother go 4. loner and unhappy 5. poor eye contact 6. does not share self or possessions Toddler (2nd year) Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt II. Expressions of autonomy 1. independent 2. not easily led 3. resists being dominate 4. able to stand on own two feet 5. works well alone or with others 6. assertive when necessary Toddler strives to learn independence and self-confidence II. Expressions of shame and doubt 1. procrastinates frequently 2. has trouble working alone 3. need structure and directions 4. has trouble making decisions 5. is easily influenced 6. Embarrassed when complimented Preschooler (3-5 years) Initiative vs. Guilt Preschooler learns to initiate tasks and grapples with self-control III. Expressions of initiative 1. is a self-starter 2. accepts challenges 3. assumes leadership roles 4. sets goals- goes after them 5. moves easily, freely with body Elementary School III. Expressions of guilt 1. gets depressed easily 2. puts self down 3. slumped posture 4. poor eye contact 5. has low energy level Competency vs. Inferiority (6 years to puberty) IV. Expressions of industry 1. wonders how things work 2. finishes what starts 3. likes ‘projects’ 4. enjoys learning 5. like to experiment Adolescence (teen years) V. Expressions of…

    • 347 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Ego Integrity

    • 3689 Words
    • 15 Pages

    In 1950 Erik Erikson, a psychoanalyst, developed an improvement upon Sigmund Freud’s Psychosexual stages. Freud’s theories identified the id, ego, and superego and how infantile sexuality represented in psychosexual development. Taking all these theories onboard, Erikson did not support describing personality solely on the basis of sexuality as Freud did. Erikson showed how valuable childhood development can be to personality development. This theory was different from Freud who argued personality development ended at five years of age. In Erikson’s most well known work, Childhood and Society (1950), human life was divided into eight stages of psychosocial development.…

    • 3689 Words
    • 15 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Erik Erikson was born June 15, 1902 in Frankfurt, Germany. His father, a Danish man, abandoned the family before he was born, while his Jewish mother later married a physician, Dr. Theodor Homberger. In school, Erikson was teased by other children because he was tall, blonde and blue-eyed – he was considered Nordic – and at grammar class he was rejected because he was Jewish. It is from this - his own experiences in school during his early age, that he developed his interest in identity (Friedman, 1999). Erik Erikson studied psychoanalysis from Anna Freud and earned a certificate from the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society. Following this he moved to the United States in 1933 and was offered a teaching position at Harvard Medical School. Additionally, he ran private practice in child psychoanalysis. Later on, he also held teaching positions at University of California at Berkeley, Yale, San Francisco Psychoanalytic Institute, Austen Riggs Center, and Center for Advanced Studies of the Behavioral Sciences. Erik Erikson spent time studying the cultural life of the Sioux of South Dakota and the Yurok of northern California. Fashioning after that of Freud 's psychosexual theory, he later developed his own theory of development - Psychosocial Theory. Erikson based his Psychosocial Theory of Development on the knowledge he gained of cultural, environmental and social influences to further develop his psychoanalytic theory. He later published a number of books on his theories and research, including Childhood and Society and The Life Cycle Completed and his book Gandhi 's Truth was awarded a Pulitzer Prize and a national Book Award, (Coles, 1970).…

    • 2284 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Erik Erikson

    • 1432 Words
    • 6 Pages

    Erik Erikson is possibly the best known of Sigmund Freud’s many followers. He grew up in Europe and spent his young adult life under the direction of Freud. In 1933 when Hitler was in power of Germany, Erikson immigrated to the U.S. and began teaching at Harvard University. His clinical work and studies were based on children, college students, and victims of combat fatigue during WWII, civil rights workers, and American Indians. It was these studies that led Erikson to believe that Freud misjudged some important aspects of human development.…

    • 1432 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Erikson is most famous for his work in refining and expanding Freud's theory of stages. Development, he says, functions by the epigenetic principle. This principle says that we develop through a predetermined unfolding of our personalities in eight stages. Determined by our progress, each stage is considered by our success, or lack of success, in all the previous stages. Each stage involves certain developmental tasks that are psychosocial in nature. Although he follows Freudian tradition by calling them crises, they are more drawn out and less specific than that term implies (www.webspace.ship.edu). The eight stages are as follows.…

    • 2985 Words
    • 12 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Erikson

    • 873 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development was greatly influenced by Freud; however, whereas Freud focused on the conflict between the id and superego, Erikson’s theory focuses on the conflicts that can take place within the ego itself. Erikson proposed that personality development followed the epigenetic principle, which states that human ego development occurs in eight fixated stages, and people must resolve a crisis in each stage (Olson and Hergenhahn, 2011). These crises at each stage can either be positively resolved, resulting in a strengthened ego, or negatively resolved, resulting in a weakened ego. In the present case study, Betty is a 68-year-old woman who is dissatisfied with her life and wishes to divorce her husband of 40 years, but fears that she would not be able to financially support herself. She has experienced stressful situations during all stages of her life, and according to Erikson’s theory, Betty negatively resolved several of Erikson’s psychosocial stages, which has led her to feel the negativity she currently feels regarding her life.…

    • 873 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Bright Ideas

    • 553 Words
    • 3 Pages

    Erikson believed that his psychosocial principle is genetically inevitable in shaping human development. It occurs in all people. Erikson's psychosocial theory basically asserts that people experience eight 'psychosocial crisis…

    • 553 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Erikson, E.H. (1950). The Developmental stage of Erik Erikson. New York: Norton. Carole Wade. Carole Tavris. Tenth Edition…

    • 2529 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Erikson’s idea was that when adolescence, personality disorders are more apparent. However, Freud’s believed that it can range of 0 to adulthood. Although Eriksons studies did adapt from Freud’s ideas, and so Erikson did have a lot of agreements.…

    • 389 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays