Preview

Dollar Versus Euro

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
5492 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Dollar Versus Euro
INDEX

1. INTRODUCTION...................................................................................................................
2. DOLLAR ANALYSIS………………………………………………………………………
3. EURO EVOLUTION……………………………………………………………………….
3.1 Euro Depreciation 1999 – 2002………………………………………………………….
3.2 Euro Appreciation 2002 – 2004…………………………………………………………
4. SHORT TERM FORECASTING………………………………………………………….
5. LONG TERM…………………………………………………………………………………. FORECASTING……………………………………………………………………………….
5.1
5.2
6. HEDGING EXERCISE……………………………………………………………………..
7. CONCLUSION……………………………………………………………………………..
8. REFERENCES………………………………………………………………………………..

1. INTRODUCTION

On January 1, 1999 Euro became the currency for 11 member states of the European Union. Since then the Dollar-Euro exchange rate has completed a full turning. Euro depreciated since its introduction steadily and without any major interruption until February 2002. Then it began to rise against Dollar smoothly and reached a height of 0.74 Euros to 1 US$ in December 2004.

Three years of depreciation of the Euro followed by three years of appreciation without wild fluctuations asks for an explanation which would adequately account for the position of the Euro as an emerging international currency.

Dollar replaced its predecessor sterling already in the immediate post-war years as the dominant world money and is today the leading international currency with vast scale economies and externalities due to its long standing international monetary functions. The common European currency Euro is in the process of assuming an important role as an international currency.

This paperwork will explain you the evolution of the Euro, the impact on the exchange rate versus the US Dollar, the interest of keeping a low exchange rate in the US today, and also the short term and long term of the exchange rate forecasting.

2. US DOLLAR ANALYSIS
The dollar has shown weakness against other currencies as well, including



References: 1. INTRODUCTION On January 1, 1999 Euro became the currency for 11 member states of the European Union 3.2 Euro Appreciation 2002-2004 On February 28, 2002 national banknotes and coins were finally withdrawn from use.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Satisfactory Essays

    Tco 3

    • 756 Words
    • 4 Pages

    6. (TCO 3) The European Union created a single monetary unit to replace the national currencies of twelve member nations. This common currency is known as the: (Points : 1)…

    • 756 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Obringer, L. A. (n.d.). How the euro works. Retrieved October 2, 2006, from Web site…

    • 1454 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Chapter 33 APWH Notes

    • 1634 Words
    • 7 Pages

    The euro competed with the U.S. dollar, but unequal levels of development among members became a source of friction in 2009 as the world economic downturn devastated stock markets and increased unemployment.…

    • 1634 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Essay 4

    • 1561 Words
    • 5 Pages

    There are many reasons for adopting a common currency - having a fixed exchange rate means that a joining country gives up its ability to use a floating exchange rate and control of monetary policy (therefore unable to control interest rates) for the purpose of stabilising output and employment.…

    • 1561 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Notes Chapter 21 WWI

    • 1301 Words
    • 4 Pages

    European Union: The final step in a series of arrangements to increase cooperation between European states in the wake of World War II; the EU was formally established in 1994, and twelve of its members adopted a common currency in 2002.…

    • 1301 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Layard,R. Buiter,W. Huhne,C. Hutton,W. Kenen,P. Turner,A. (2002) Why should Britain join the Euro. Online at http://cep.lse.ac.uk/layard/RL334D.pdf [accessed 03 December 2011]…

    • 1198 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    European Union

    • 478 Words
    • 2 Pages

    The European Union is an economic union consisting of 27 member states. To make a free market and remove trade barriers between member states are the ultimate aim of European Union (Hill p289). Among these ,17 nations are members of the ‘Eurozone’, distributing a currency with the purpose of further assimilating economic systems and plummeting trade obstacles caused by international currency conversion . As a member in Eurozone ,their fundamental goal is to maintain harmony because they have to depend on each other and their economy are interrelated.…

    • 478 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    It so happens that the Euro/dollar exchange rate has been highly variable for a very long time - see Figure 1 which shows the DM/dollar rate up to January 1999 and…

    • 5565 Words
    • 23 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    European Debt Crisis

    • 2361 Words
    • 10 Pages

    On May 1998, Belgium, Germany, Spain, France, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Austria, Portugal and Finland established the eurozone by fulfilling the necessary conditions for the adoption of the euro as their single currency. During the same period, the members of the Executive Board of the ECB were appointed. Our story begins two years later, when Greece becomes accepted as the 12th member of the eurozone countries.…

    • 2361 Words
    • 10 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Economics Question Paper

    • 538 Words
    • 3 Pages

    a) Speculators think that the value of the dollar relative to the euro will rise.…

    • 538 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Inequality in the Eurozone

    • 3528 Words
    • 15 Pages

    The Eurozone is an Economic and Monetary Union of initially 11 EU member states in 1999, since then more countries have joined and the number of members has increased to 17. It now consists of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain. To join they needed to adhere to the Maastricht criteria. The conditions of these were:…

    • 3528 Words
    • 15 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Exam Review

    • 1517 Words
    • 9 Pages

    Q3. You are an American investor. Suppose today’s exchange rate is $1.35/€. The six-month interest rates on dollars and euros are 5% and 4% per annum, respectively. The six-month forward rate is $1.3478/€. A foreign exchange advisory service has predicted that the euro will appreciate to $1.3790/€ within six months.…

    • 1517 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Pros and Cons of the Euro

    • 1729 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Transaction CostsHaving to deal with only one currency will reduce the cost of converting one currency into another. This will benefit businesses as well as tourists.No Exchange Rate UncertaintyEliminating exchange rates between European countries eliminates the risks of unforeseen exchange rate revaluations or devaluations.Transparency & CompetitionThe direct comparability of prices and wages will increase competition across Europe, leading to lower prices for consumers and improved investment opportunities for businesses.StrengthThe new Euro will be the among the strongest currencies in the world, along with the US Dollar and the Japanese Yen. It will soon become the 2nd-most important reserve currency after the US Dollar.Capital MarketThe large Euro zone will integrate the national financial markets, leading to higher efficiency in the allocation of capital in Europe.No Competitive DevaluationsOne country can no longer devalue its currency against another member country in a bid to increase the competitiveness of its exporters.Fiscal DisciplineWith a single currency, other governments have an interest in bringing countries with a lack of fiscal discipline into line.European IdentityA European currency will strengthen European identity.…

    • 1729 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Euro Echange Rate

    • 894 Words
    • 4 Pages

    The Euro appreciated about 15% against the U.S. dollar from January 2008 to November 2009. What impact did this have on consumers and businesses in the U.S. and in the Euro zone area of Europe? Is a falling dollar good or bad for the U.S.? Explain.…

    • 894 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Best Essays

    The Eurozone crisis

    • 3510 Words
    • 9 Pages

    The Eurozone crisis was not caused by a single factor, it was the result of a compound of errors made by member states in different sectors of the European economy. There are three causes that have been identified as directly leading to the crisis. The problems of competitiveness, debt and the lack of a comprehensive growth model. There are several other causes, but the problems of Greece mirror the problems of the rest of the Eurozone. In order to fully evaluate and understand the causes of the Eurozone, it is necessary to first look at the way Greece’s debt rose to 112.9% of its Gross Domestic Product (GDP) by 2009. This was the first asymmetric shock in the Euro, but it wasn’t seen as cause for concern at the time it was revealed. Another major issue that needs to be evaluated is the blatant ignorance of the rules of the Maastricht treaty rules about deficit spending and sovereign debt. This laid a poor foundation for the financial stability of the European Monetary Union (EMU) and its ability to absorb asymmetric shocks. There are doubts about whether or not Europe is an optimal currency area and what makes an optimal currency area, economists have argued over this for some time. The OCA will be evaluated in more detail in this essay. There are a lot of lessons to be taken away from the Euro Crisis, lessons that could help prevent future crises arising from asymmetric shocks, some of these lessons will be evaluated in this essay. Throughout this essay, references will be made to the Greek debt crisis as a case study for the wider issues in the Euro crisis.…

    • 3510 Words
    • 9 Pages
    Best Essays