Determining the Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions
Determining the Stoichiometry of Chemical Reactions
Mrs. Farrales Nikita Pandya
October 23, 2012
December 3, 2012
INRODUCTION
In the method of continuous variations the total number of moles of reactants is kept constant for the series of measurements. Each measurement is made with a different mole ratio of reactants. A mole ratio is ratio between the amounts in moles of any two compounds involved in a chemical reaction. Mole ratios are used as conversion factors between products and reactants in many chemistry problems.
The optimum ratio, which is the stoichiometric ratio in the equation, form the greatest amount of product, and, if the reaction is exothermic, generate the most heat and maximum temperature change,
Double replacement reactions are generally considered to be irreversible. The formation of an insoluble precipitate provides a driving force that makes the reaction proceed in one direction only. In a double reaction, the two reactants which are aqueous solutions (which can be broken down), can form two products one also an aqueous solution, and another which can be a precipitate, water, or a gas, which cannot be broken down, therefore making the reaction irreversible.
The objective/goal of this laboratory is to find the optimum mole ratio for the formation of a precipitate in a double replacement reaction and use this information to predict the chemical formula of the precipitate.
How can the products of a double reaction be predicted?
How will it be determined if a product is aqueous or a precipitate?
How will the method of continuous variations help determine the mole ratio of the two reactants?
METHODS
Materials: 1. Copper (II) chloride solution, CuCl2, 0.05 M, 210 mL 2. Iron (III) nitrate solution, Fe(NO3) 3, 0.1 M. 110 mL 3. Sodium hydroxide
Mrs. Farrales Nikita Pandya
October 23, 2012
December 3, 2012
INRODUCTION
In the method of continuous variations the total number of moles of reactants is kept constant for the series of measurements. Each measurement is made with a different mole ratio of reactants. A mole ratio is ratio between the amounts in moles of any two compounds involved in a chemical reaction. Mole ratios are used as conversion factors between products and reactants in many chemistry problems.
The optimum ratio, which is the stoichiometric ratio in the equation, form the greatest amount of product, and, if the reaction is exothermic, generate the most heat and maximum temperature change,
Double replacement reactions are generally considered to be irreversible. The formation of an insoluble precipitate provides a driving force that makes the reaction proceed in one direction only. In a double reaction, the two reactants which are aqueous solutions (which can be broken down), can form two products one also an aqueous solution, and another which can be a precipitate, water, or a gas, which cannot be broken down, therefore making the reaction irreversible.
The objective/goal of this laboratory is to find the optimum mole ratio for the formation of a precipitate in a double replacement reaction and use this information to predict the chemical formula of the precipitate.
How can the products of a double reaction be predicted?
How will it be determined if a product is aqueous or a precipitate?
How will the method of continuous variations help determine the mole ratio of the two reactants?
METHODS
Materials: 1. Copper (II) chloride solution, CuCl2, 0.05 M, 210 mL 2. Iron (III) nitrate solution, Fe(NO3) 3, 0.1 M. 110 mL 3. Sodium hydroxide