Cross-Cultural Organizational Behavior
Cross-Cultural Organizational Behavior
Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2007.58:479-514. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by University Of Maryland on 12/11/06. For personal use only.
Michele J. Gelfand,1 Miriam Erez,2 and Zeynep Aycan3
1
Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742; email: mgelfand@psyc.umd.edu Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, Israel 32000; email: merez@ie.technion.ac.il Department of Psychology, Koc University, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey 34450; email: zaycan@ku.edu.tr
2
3
Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2007. 58:479–514 First published online as a Review in Advance on October 17, 2006 The Annual Review of Psychology is online at http://psych.annualreviews.org This article’s doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085559 Copyright c 2007 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved 0066-4308/07/0203-0479$20.00
Key Words culture, management, organizations, work
Abstract
This article reviews research on cross-cultural organizational behavior (OB). After a brief review of the history of cross-cultural OB, we review research on work motivation, or the factors that energize, direct, and sustain effort across cultures. We next consider the relationship between the individual and the organization, and review research on culture and organizational commitment, psychological contracts, justice, citizenship behavior, and person-environment fit. Thereafter, we consider how individuals manage their interdependence in organizations, and review research on culture and negotiation and disputing, teams, and leadership, followed by research on managing across borders and expatriation. The review shows that developmentally, cross-cultural research in OB is coming of age. Yet we also highlight critical challenges for future research, including moving beyond values to explain cultural differences, attending to levels of analysis issues, incorporating social and organizational context factors into
Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2007.58:479-514. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by University Of Maryland on 12/11/06. For personal use only.
Michele J. Gelfand,1 Miriam Erez,2 and Zeynep Aycan3
1
Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742; email: mgelfand@psyc.umd.edu Technion, Israel Institute of Technology, Technion City, Haifa, Israel 32000; email: merez@ie.technion.ac.il Department of Psychology, Koc University, Sariyer, Istanbul, Turkey 34450; email: zaycan@ku.edu.tr
2
3
Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2007. 58:479–514 First published online as a Review in Advance on October 17, 2006 The Annual Review of Psychology is online at http://psych.annualreviews.org This article’s doi: 10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085559 Copyright c 2007 by Annual Reviews. All rights reserved 0066-4308/07/0203-0479$20.00
Key Words culture, management, organizations, work
Abstract
This article reviews research on cross-cultural organizational behavior (OB). After a brief review of the history of cross-cultural OB, we review research on work motivation, or the factors that energize, direct, and sustain effort across cultures. We next consider the relationship between the individual and the organization, and review research on culture and organizational commitment, psychological contracts, justice, citizenship behavior, and person-environment fit. Thereafter, we consider how individuals manage their interdependence in organizations, and review research on culture and negotiation and disputing, teams, and leadership, followed by research on managing across borders and expatriation. The review shows that developmentally, cross-cultural research in OB is coming of age. Yet we also highlight critical challenges for future research, including moving beyond values to explain cultural differences, attending to levels of analysis issues, incorporating social and organizational context factors into
Cited: Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2007.58:479-514. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by University Of Maryland on 12/11/06. For personal use only. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2007.58:479-514. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by University Of Maryland on 12/11/06. For personal use only. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2007.58:479-514. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by University Of Maryland on 12/11/06. For personal use only. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2007.58:479-514. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by University Of Maryland on 12/11/06. For personal use only. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2007.58:479-514. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by University Of Maryland on 12/11/06. For personal use only. Annu. Rev. Psychol. 2007.58:479-514. Downloaded from arjournals.annualreviews.org by University Of Maryland on 12/11/06. For personal use only.