Chemistry Study Guide

Chemistry Study Guide
Oct 2nd 1 hour Exam

Chapter 9- Thermodynamics

KE= ½ mv2

w= F∆x
w= force × distance

∙ A state function refers to a property of   the system that depends only on its present state.
∙Internal Energy = heat + work
∆E = q + w
∙Pressure = Force/Area = P =   F/A
∙Work= - external pressure × change in volume
w = - P∆V

Enthalpy

H = E + PV
qp = ∆E + P∆V
∆H = qp

∆H = H products – H reactants

Ideal Gas Law

PV = nRT
Energy "heat" = 3/2 R∆T
Cv = 3/2 R = "heat" required to change the temp of 1 mol of gas by 1K at constant
volume
Energy required = "heat" – energy needed - energy needed to do
to change the translational the PV work
energy
Cp = 3/2 + R = 5/2 R
    = Cv + R = Cp

E = 3/2 RT (per mole)
∆E = Cv∆T (per mole)
∆E = nCv∆T

"Heat" required = qp = nCp∆T
  = n (Cv + R) ∆T
  = nCv∆T + nR∆T
    (∆E)         (PV)

∆H = ∆E + ∆(PV)
∆H = ∆E + ∆(nRT) = ∆E + nR∆T
∆H = nCp∆T

Energy released = energy absorbed
  = m     ×     Cp ×     ∆T
    (mass)(specific heat)(change in Temperature)
∆E = q + w = q= qv

Bomb calorimeter =
∆H = ∆TCp

∆Hºreaction= ∑∆Hºf (products) - ∑∆Hºf (reactants)

Chapter 12

c = λν
speed of light (3.0E8 m ) = (wavelength)(frequency)

∆E = nhv or
∆E = hv if n=1
Planck's constant = h= 6.626 × 10-34 J s

Ephoton = hv = hc/λ
KEelectron = ½ mv2 = hv – hvo

E=mc2

De Broglie

λ = h/mv

PE = -Z e2/r
Z= atomic number
R= distance between nucleus

Ηψ = Εψ
Ψ2 = Probability Density

n = energy level
l = shape
ml = orientation
ms = spin
Effective nuclear charge = Zeff = Zactual – effect of electron-electron repulsion
1 eV = 1.602 × 10-19 J... [continues]

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